hazards -management of tropical storms Flashcards
what are the 4 factors of how tropical storms are managed?
.preparedness
.prevent
.mitigation
.adaptation
what is meant by preparedness?
.increasing people’s awareness of the potential hazards associated with tropical storms through actions to minimise the likely impact
how can preparedness be used as a way to manage tropical storms?
.education and public awareness campaigns -help warn people of dangers and provide instructions about what to do before, during and after a storm event
.people advised to make structure improvements to buildings, such as stronger doors, preparing emergency supplies and planning evacuation routes
why do people’s ability to prepare vary?
.because people’s ability to prepare effectively -depends upon a range of political and economic factors
.poorer areas suffer more because they can’t afford warning systems and defences, and emergency services are inadequate -results in a higher death toll
what is meant by mitigation?
.action aimed at reducing the severity of an event and lessening its impact -can involve direct intervention or post-event support
what are the 3 ways mitigation is used to manage tropical storms?
.structural responses
.disaster aid
.insurance cover
how do structural responses help to mitigate the impacts of a tropical storm?
.soft and hard engineering schemes along coastlines can protect coastal communities eg -planting mangroves or building sea walls .grants can be given to households to make their property more able to withstand storm hazards eg -strengthening roofs
how is disaster aid used as a way to mitigate the impacts of tropical storms?
.includes both immediate relief (search and rescue, food, water medicine and shelter) and longer-term aid (reconstruction and recovery)
.the priority in the immediate aftermath -save lives, treat the injured and prevent any further loss of life
.aid from foreign countries, charities or NGO’S can help in the aftermath
how is insurance cover used to mitigate the impacts of tropical storms?
.used to mitigate the effects of tropical storms, particularly in HICs, therefore insurance is only an option for the wealthiest who can afford the high premiums -results in richer people being more likely to evacuate, whilst the poorest may stay to protect their belongings
how can tropical storms be prevented as way of managing them?
.research into the use of cloud seeding in order to cause more precipitation which could potentially force more water to be released over the sea, weakening the storm system as it approached land -although there are concerns about knock-on effects
what has the attention been turned to instead of trying to prevent tropical storms?
.turned to forecasting, mitigation and adaption with the aim of preventing the worst impacts of a storm as opposed to the storm itself
what is meant by adaptation?
.accepting that natural hazards are inevitable and adapting our behaviour accordingly
how has adaptation been used to manage tropical storms?
.land-use zoning is used to reduce the vulnerability of people and property at the coast -because low-value land use is found on the coast whilst high-value land use is
.coastal properties can be adapted to reduce vulnerability to flooding eg -houses are raised above the ground on stilts or have non-residential functions on the ground floor eg -garage
