hazards -impacts and of seismic hazards

Question 1

what are the primary impacts to a seismic hazards?

Answer 1

.ground shaking -there is a saying that ‘earthquakes don’t kill people, buildings do’ 75% of all deaths are caused by collapsing buildings
.ground rupture -refers to the visible breaking and displacement of the earth’s surface, usually along a fault line

Question 2

what does ground rupture have the potential to cause?

Answer 2

.has the potential to damage large engineering structures such as dams, bridges and nuclear power stations

Question 3

what does the amount of damage caused by a seismic hazard depend on?

Answer 3

.magnitude of the earthquake
.depth
.distance from the epicentre
.local geological conditions

Question 4

why can rapid urbanisation increase earthquake risk?

Answer 4

.low cost, poorly built housing is a particular hazard, and so people living in squatter settlements are disproportionately vulnerable

Question 5

what are the social secondary impacts to seismic hazards?

Answer 5

.damage to transport routes can hinder any rescue effort in increase the death toll
.burst water pipes may lead to contamination of or disruption to water supply which may cause disease to spread -also lead to flooding in urban areas

Question 6

what are the economic secondary impacts of seismic hazards?

Answer 6

.higher unemployment, as some businesses may not recover
.the cost of repair and reconstruction

Question 7

what are the environmental secondary impacts of seismic hazards?

Answer 7

.burst water pipes may lead to contamination which may cause disease to spread

Question 8

what is a political secondary impact of seismic hazards?

Answer 8

.distrust of the authorities if the management of the earthquake is criticised