hazards -impact of volcanic hazards

Question 1

how are impacts split?

Answer 1

.primary
.secondary

Question 2

what are primary impacts?

Answer 2

.impacts that occur almost immediately afterwards and are a direct result of primary hazards

Question 3

what primary impacts result from the primary hazards, lava and pyroclastic flow?

Answer 3

.roads can be destroyed which can cause buildings to collapse

Question 4

what primary impacts can result in the primary hazard ash fallout?

Answer 4

.damage to crops and contamination of water supplies

Question 5

what primary impacts can result from primary hazards, tephra, lava and pyroclastic flows?

Answer 5

.people can get injured or killed

Question 6

what primary hazard can cause suffocation?

Answer 6

.volcanic gases -increased levels of co2

Question 7

what are secondary impacts?

Answer 7

.impacts that tend to occur in the days or weeks that follow and are indirectly related to the eruption itself

Question 8

what secondary impacts can result from the secondary hazard, lahars?

Answer 8

.they can kill or injure people and can cause additional damage to roads and bridges, making it difficult for emergency services to reach people in need -this can lead to further loss of life and businesses being destroyed, causing unemployment
.food shortages particularly in areas dependent on agriculture -this can threaten the local or regional economy

Question 9

what secondary impact can result from lava or pyroclastic flows?

Answer 9

.fires

Question 10

what do the secondary impacts of fires result in?

Answer 10

.damage to vegetation, and fresh water habitats

Question 11

how does vegetation and fresh water habitats become damaged after a fire?

Answer 11

.because of the secondary hazard, acid rain