Hazardous Substances Flashcards
Polycyclic Hydrocarbons (Coal Tar)
Skin cancer
Hexavalent Chromium
Lung cancer
Chronic septal perforation
Hard woods dusts
Nasopharangeal Cancer (furniture makers, carpenters) (from decidous trees)
Benzene (Aromatic Hydrocarbons)
Chronic - leukaemia, aplastic anaemia
Acute - CNS Depression
Vinyl Chloride monomers
Angiosarcoma of the liver.
PVC industry
Benz(a)pyrene
Scrotal Carcinoma (Chimney sweeps) Leukaemia
Paraquat (in weed killers)
Respiratory Failure
N-hexane
(glue solvents)
PNS problems - Sensory peripheral neuropathy
Cobalt
Renal failure
Occupational asthma
Arsenic
Skin cancer
Cancer of liver and respiratory tract
Mercury
Psychosis “mad hatter”
Felt workers
Cadmium
Emphysema and renal failure
Tungsten
Giant cell pneumonia
Silver
Argyria (purple/grey skin)
Zinc oxide fumes
Metal fume fever
B-naphthylamine
Bladder cancer (dye staff workers) Rubber industry
Methyl Bromide
Grand mal seizures
Manganese
Organic Psychosis (manganese madness)
Organophosphates (in pesticides)
Anticholinesterase activity (organophosphate induced delayed neuropathy OPIDN) - tx atropine
Naphthalene
From Coal Tar
Acute- cataracts in adults
Heamolytic anaemia
Tetrachoroethylene
Non-Hodgkins Lymphoma (dry cleaning)
Liver and kidney toxicity
Inorganic Lead
Anaemia
Wrist Drop
Irreversible effects at 80 mg/dl
Soft wood dusts
(from coniferous trees)
Contact or allergic dematitis
Asthma
MMMF
Machine made mineral fibre
Irritant - to eyes and skin
Lung cancer
Rosin
Solder flux fume
Asthma
Aluminuim
Aluminuim metal interstitual fibrosis of the lungs
Beryllium
CBD - chronic beryllium disease - lungs and skin
Nickel
Skin and respiratory sensitization
Vanadium
Greenish discoloration of the tongue
Mutagenicity and resp tract toxicity.
Serpentines
Curly fibers made up of sheets of crystals White asbestos (chrysotile) Commonest, most important commercially
Chrysotile
White asbestos
Crocidolite
Blue asbestos
Commonly used to insulate steam engines.
Amosite
Brown asbestos
Used most frequently in cement sheets and pipe insulation.
Amphiboles
Straighter, shorter so each alveoli. Less exposure needed to cause cancer
Consists of crocidolite, amosite, tremolite
Tremolite
This and Actinolite are not used commercially, but they can be found as contaminants in chrysotile asbestos, vermiculite and talc. These two chemically similar minerals can be brown, white, green, gray or transparent.
Organic Lead
Confusion, needs to monitored in those with mental health problems.
Acute confusion. Lipid soluble
Resin
Epoxy resins found in a variety on industries.
Skin contact is main source of problems.
Dermatitis. Respiratory sensitiser.
Benzidine
Bladder cancer (dye staff workers) Rubber industry
Toluene
In printing fluid
Associated with sensorineural hearing loss
Phenol
Vitiligo
Styrene
CNS depression