Hailee Sizemore Flashcards
What is the most exact way of monitoring body temperature?
Rectal
What is normal rectal temperature?
99.6 F
How long should you leave the thermometer in place
At least 3 minutes
When administering an epipen, where should it be placed?
Lateral side of athlete’s thigh; halfway between knee and hip
What are some signs and symptoms an athlete is presenting with when suffering from anaphylaxis?
Difficulty breathing, symptoms of shock, low blood pressure, diarrhea, itching, swelling, and loss of bladder control
How many miligrams of epinephrine is used for adults?
.3-.5mg
How many miligrams of epinephrine is used for infants and children who weigh less than 66 pounds?
.15-.3mg
What can sickle cell trait cause?
An enlarged spleen
Who is most common to have sickle cell trait?
African Americans
What are some sickle cell trait symptoms?
Fever, severe fatigue, skin pallor, muscle weakness, and severe pain in limbs and abdomen
What is the treatment of sickle cell anemia?
It’s usually symptomatic. The physician may give anticoagulants and analgesics for pain.
What are some common signs and symptoms of rhabdomyolysis?
Muscle pain, muscle weakness, abdominal pain, nausea or vomiting, fever, rapid heart rate, confusion, and dehydration, and dark red or brown urine
What complication can rhabdomyolysis lead to?
Renal failure
What should be closely monitored if an internal hemorrhage is suspected?
Blood pressure
What are some signs and symptoms of internal hemorrhage?
Light-headedness, dizziness, pain, loss of consciousness
What is hypoglycemia usually caused by?
Excess amounts of insulin, skipping meals, or exercising excessively
What is hyperglycemia usually caused by?
Not enough insulin in the body, or the body cant effectively utilize insulin
What are signs and symptoms of hyperglycemia?
Elevated blood glucose, glucose in the urine, polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia
What can hyperglycemia lead to?
Ketoacidosis
What are signs and symptoms of ketoacidosis?
Hyperglycemia, thirst, excess urination, fatigue, blurred vision, nausea, muscular stiffness, flushed face, dry skin and mouth, rapid and weak pulse, and low blood pressure
With epileptic seizures, most patients commonly take anticonvulsant medication. What are some signs and symptoms of that medication?
Drowsiness, restlessness, nystagmus, nausea, vomiting, problems with balance, or skin rash
When a patient becomes aware of an impending seizure, what should he/she do to try to avoid injury?
Immediately sit or lay down
What are some warning signs of a possible seizure?
Dizziness, headache, nausea, numbness, panic/fear, visual abnormalities, light-headedness, etc
What are some seizure signs and symptoms?
Confusion, convulsions, difficulty talking, loss of consciousness, eyes rolling up, tremors, sweating, increased heart rate, teeth clenching or grinding
What are some signs and symptoms of hypoxia?
Altered mental status, tachycardia, chest pain, cyanosis, dyspnea, tachypnea, or hypoventilation
What is hypovolemic shock?
When shock by hypovolemia occurs. The total amount of fluid in the body will fall below normal values
What are some sign and symptoms of hypovolemia?
Low blood pressure, pale skin, diminished pulse, dizziness, fainting, nausea, thirst, and inadequate capillary refill
What is hemorrhagic shock?
Shock cause by the loss of blood
What is anaphylactic shock?
Shock from the body’s reaction to an allergen
What are signs and symptoms of anaphylactic shock?
Hives, redness of the skin, itching, diarrhea, vomiting, difficulty breathing, low blood pressure, fainting, swelling
What is septic shock?
It arises from severe infection.
What are signs and symptoms of septic shock?
Red skin, flushed face, hyperventilation, low blood pressure, fever, and confusion
What is neurogenic shock?
A sudden loss of function in the autonomic nervous system
What are signs and symptoms of neurogenic shock?
Hypotension, venous pooling, inadequate cardiac output, bradycardia, nausea, vomiting, cold/clammy skin, shallow, rapid breathing
What is cardiogenic shock?
When the hearts dysfunction affects its ability to pump blood, which can lead to this type of shock
What are signs and symptoms of cardiogenic shock?
Altered mental status, hypotension, rapid, weak pulse, cool, clammy skin, diminished urine output, hyperventilation, jugular vein distention
What is hypoglycemic shock?
Is when their level of blood sugar may fall below normal
What are signs and symptoms of hypoglycemic shock?
General weakness, confused, drowsy, dizziness, hunger, headache, increase perspiration, tachycardia, irritability, difficulty breathing
What is psychogenic shock?
It can occur when an athlete is suddenly exposed to fear, joy, anger, or grief
What are the four parts of the adult cardiac chain of survival?
Early access, Early CPR, Early defibrillation, and early advanced life support
What are the two categories of splints?
Improvised or commercial
What are rigid splints?
They are made of a variety of materials and may be improvised or commercially produced
What is a box splint?
It is a rigid splint comprised of three padded rigid boards and a u-shaped foot piece
What is a disadvantage of an air splint?
They can’t be used on closed displaced or open fractures
What is an advantage of vacuum splints?
They can be used for angulated fractures and dislocations. The splint molds itself around the injury
What are signs and symptoms of spinal cord trauma?
loss of normal bowel & bladder control, numbness, sensory changes, pain, weakness paralysis, and muscle spasticity,
What is supraglottic airway?
These devices prevent the tongue from occluding the airway and thereby provide an open airway for air to pass.
What is oropharyngeal airway?
Curved, hollow tube that is used to create an open airway through the mouth and posterior pharynx.
What is nasopharyngeal airway?
Plastic, hollow tube that is passed through the nose into the posterior pharynx.
What is the management for shock?
Maintain body temperature as close to normal as possible, elevate extremities 8-12 inches if possible, and monitor vital signs.
