Haemolysis - Extrinsic causes

Question 1

Non-immune mediated (Coomb’s ?);

Infection;
? and other intracellular ? can cause acute haemolysis.

Answer 1

neg
malaria
parasites

Question 2

Non-immune mediated (Coomb’s ?);

Microangiopathic anaemia;
Mechanical haemolysis caused by physical trauma in the circulation due to:
o ? hypertension/ Pre-?
o ? ? Syndrome.
o ? thrombocytopenic ?.
o ? (e.g. in SLE).
o ???.
o ? heart valves.

Answer 2

neg
malignant
eclampsia
haemolytic uraemic
thrombotic, pupura
vasculitis
DIC
MEchanical

Question 3

Immune-mediated (Coomb’s ?)

Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia (AHA);
Autoantibodies lead to ? haemolysis and ?.
Disease is most commonly idiopathic, but can be secondary to ? diseases or other autoimmune disease.

Answer 3

pos
extravascular
spherocytosis
lymphoproliferative

Question 4

Immune-mediated (Coomb’s ?)

It is classified according to the optimal ? that antibodies bind RBCs in vitro;

o Warm AHA: lg? mediated, optimal binding at ? degrees.
• Treated with ? or immunosuppressants +/- ?.

o Cold AHA: lg? mediated, optimal binding below ? degrees.
• Often associated with ?’s.
• Treated with ? avoidance+/- ?.

Answer 4

pos
temperature
G
37
steroids
splenectomy
M
4
reynaud's
cold
chlorambucil

Question 5

Drug Induced Haemolysis;

? based drugs can cause formation of RBC antibodies, whereas drugs
such as ? cause production of immune complexes.

Answer 5

penicillin

quinine