Haematopoiesis (physiology) Flashcards

1
Q

Process that gives rise to formed elements?

A

Haematopoiesis

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2
Q

Define the monophylatic theory of haematopoiesis

A

All formed elements are derived from a common ancestral cell, a stem cell.

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3
Q

What is the route of erythrocyte formation from stem cell?

A

-Hemocytoblast (stem cell)
-Proerythroblast (committed cell)
-Early erythroblast (ribosome synthesis, phase1)
-Late erythroblast (hemoglobin accumulation, 2)
-Normoblast (ejection of nucleus, phase 3)
-Reticulocyte
-Erythrocyte

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4
Q

Where does erythropoiesis occur?

A

In red bone marrow.

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5
Q

Which substances/molecules does erythropoiesis require? (6)

A

-Lipids, proteins and carbohydrates.
-Iron, vit b12 and folic acid.

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6
Q

Main function of platelets

A

Blood clotting

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7
Q

Where are platelets recycled and what recycles them?

A

In the spleen, by phagocytes.

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8
Q

Role of platelets in hemostasis (3)

A

-Plugging holes to the blood vessels to prevent bleeding.
-Promoting the formation of clots to further prevent bleeding.
-Help to repair the damaged blood vessels.

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9
Q

From which cell do platelets derive, and where does the thrombopoiesis occur?

A

Megakaryocyte, in the bone marrow.

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10
Q

Two ways in which platelets are released from megakaryocytes.

A

-Pinching off from the megakaryocyte into circulation.
-Passage of mature megakaryocyte into circulation and fragmentation in pulmonary vascular bed.

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11
Q

Diff btwn inactivated and activated thrombocytes.

A

Inactive are small, disc-like fragments.
Active have a spiky outer surface and they adhere to each other.

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12
Q

Hormonal control of thrombopoiesis

A

-Interleukin 6
-Thrombopoietin
-Multi-CSF

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