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MRCP > Haematology > Flashcards

Haematology Flashcards

1
Q

Mantle cell lymphoma

A

t(11;14)

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2
Q

Factor V Leiden in pregnancy

A

If no other DVTs in patient or first degree relative then do not need to have LMWH

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3
Q

Auer rods

A

AML
- acute history of lethargy
- splenomegaly
- pancytopenia

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4
Q

Burkitts genetic

A

c-Myc

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5
Q

CML genetic

A

BRC-ABL

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6
Q

Nephrotic syndrome cause of clots

A

Protein S deficiency

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7
Q

Vegan which vitamin are they likely to be deficient in

A

B12

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8
Q

Diabetes insipidus, what is it related to

A

Sickle cell disease

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9
Q

Beta thalassaemia diagnostic

A

HbA2 will be raised

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10
Q

Myeloma investigstions

A

Serum B2 microglobulin for disease severity

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11
Q

Hyperviscosity symptoms

A

Nose bleeds, papilloedema, distended retinal vasculature

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12
Q

Neutropenic sepsis antibiotics

A

TAZ

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13
Q

Capecatibine over 5 fluoracil

A

Oral administration

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14
Q

BCR/TBL translocation

A

codes for production of tyrosine kinase

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15
Q

If a patient is diagnosed with AML what is the second most important test

A

Clotting (at risk of DIC, would indicate acute promyelotic leukaemia)

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16
Q

Ank spon biologics

A

NSAIDS then TNF alpha blockers e.g. adalimumab, etanercept, infliximab

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17
Q

RA HLA

A

DR4

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18
Q

Cyclophosphamide SE

A

Haemorrhagic cystitis

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19
Q

Bleomycin SE

A

lung fibrosis

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20
Q

Methotrexate SE

A

Myelosuppression, liver fibrosis, lung fibrosis

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21
Q

Fluorouracil SE

A

Myelosuppression, mucositis, dermatitis

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22
Q

Vincristine SE

A

Peripheral neuropathy

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23
Q

Docetaxel SE

A

Neutropenia

24
Q

Cisplatin SE

A

Ototoxicity

25
Q

Anastrozole investigations prior to treatment

A

DEXA scan as at increased risk of osteoporosis

26
Q

Trastuzamab moa

A

HER2 monoclonal antibody

27
Q

Tamoxifen moa

A

Antagonist and a partial agonist of oestrogen receptor

28
Q

Philadelphia chromosome

A

T(9;22) CML

29
Q

Ewings sarcoma gene

30
Q

Acute promyelotic leukaemia gene

31
Q

Hodgkins first line chemo

A

ABVD (second line is RCHOP, better outcomes but worse SEs)

32
Q

Hodgkins best subtype (best prognosis)

A

Lymphocyte predmoniant

33
Q

Hodgkins worst subtype (worst prognosis)

A

Lymphocyte depleted

34
Q

ALL epidemiology

A

Kids and down syndrome

35
Q

AML epidemiology

36
Q

CLL epidemiology

A

Warm haemolytic anaemia (IgG), Richter’s transformation (CLL transforms into diffuse large B cell lymphoma), smudge cells

37
Q

CML epidemiology

A

3 phases
associated with philadelphia chromosome

38
Q

When is the philadelphia chromosome a poor prognostic outcome

A

In AML or ALL

39
Q

Poor prognostic indicator for AML

A

Cytogenic: chromosome 5 or 7 deletion
>20% blast cells at diagnosis

40
Q

CLL poor prognostic indicators

A

CD38 expression positive
TP53 mutation

Deletions of part of the short arm of chromosome 17 (del 17p)

41
Q

CLL good prognostic indicators

A

Deletion of the long arm of chromosome 13 (del 13q) is the most common abnormality being seen in around 50% of patients

42
Q

Myeloma Ig

43
Q

Myeloma prognostic indicator

A

B2-microglobulin

44
Q

Sickle cell genetics

A

Valine is substituted for glutamic acid in position 6 in the beta chain

45
Q

Why do you need to replace folate before B12 in B12 deficiency

A

Otherwise will cause subacute degeneration of the cord

46
Q

G6PD deficiency

A

Heinz bodies, bite and blister cells

47
Q

Burkitts

A

c-myc, t(18;14)
Starry star

48
Q

Tumour lysis syndrome

A

hyperkalaemia, hyperphosphataemia, hypocalcaemia, hyperuricaemia, acute renal failure

49
Q

Hereditary angioedema

A

C1 inhibitor during an attack

Low C2 and C4 normally low C4 is monitored

50
Q

TTP management

A

Plasma exchange

51
Q

Heparin induced thrombocytopenia management

A

argatroban

52
Q

Warm haemolytic anaemia Ig

53
Q

Cold haemolytic anaemia Ig

54
Q

Normal pO2 but decreased O2 saturation on ABG

A

CO poisoning

55
Q

Lead poisoning

A

Dimercaptosuccinic acid
Mx: ascorbic acid

56
Q

Anaphylaxis

MRCP (28 decks)

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