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Haematological Flashcards

1
Q

> 20% lymphoblasts in child

A

ALL

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2
Q

Auer rods

A

AML

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3
Q

Hypocellular marrow with increased fat spaces

A

Aplastic anaemia

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4
Q

Warm and cold antibodies

A

Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia

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5
Q

Positive Coomb’s test + reticulocytosis + spherocytosis + unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia

A

Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia

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6
Q

Hair-on-end appearance on x-ray + skull bossing

A

Thalassaemia

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7
Q

Decrease in MCV disproportionate to Hb

A

Thalassaemia

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8
Q

Lymphoma associated with EBV

A

Burkitt’s lymphoma (and Hodgkin’s lymphoma)

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9
Q

Lymphoma common in children in extranodal sites (e.g. jaw, ovary, retroperitoneum)

A

Burkitt’s lymphoma

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10
Q

t(8:14)

A

Burkitt’s lymphoma

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11
Q

Reticulocytosis after infection/illness/trimethoprim

A

G6PD deficiency

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12
Q

Heinz bodies

A

G6PD deficiency

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13
Q

Pigmented gallstones + spherocytosis

A

Hereditary spherocytosis

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14
Q

Positive osmotic fragility test

A

Hereditary spherocytosis

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15
Q

Hypersegmented neutrophils

A

Megaloblastic anaemia

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16
Q

Pancytopenia + elevated ESR + plasma cells on bone marrow biopsy

A

Multiple myeloma

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17
Q

Plethora + exertional dyspnoea

A

Polycythaemia

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18
Q

Tear drop cells + blasts

A

Primary myelofibrosis

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19
Q

Bone pain + haematuria in Africans after infection

A

Sickle cell anaemia (acute crisis)

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20
Q

African with avascular necrosis + secondary osteoporosis

A

Sickle cell anaemia

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21
Q

Anaemia after flucloxacillin therapy for osteomyelitis

A

Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia

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22
Q

CD20

A

B cell lymphoma

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23
Q

Fever + night sweats + weight loss + lymphadenopathy + Pemberton’s sign

A

Lymphoma

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24
Q

Rouleaux formation

A

Multiple myeloma

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25
Paraprotein
Multiple myeloma
26
Bence Jones protein
Multiple myeloma
27
Pepperpot skull on x-ray
Multiple myeloma
28
Toxic vacuolation and granulation of neutrophils
Sepsis, severe inflammation, etc.
29
Döhle bodies
Sepsis, severe inflammation, etc.
30
Howell-Jolly bodies
Hypo/asplenia
31
Abnormal bleeding time + elevated D-dimer after trauma/sepsis
Disseminated intravascular coagulation
32
Bleeding and bruising after infection
Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
33
Bleeding disorder primarily affecting males
Haemophilia
34
Monoclonal B cell proliferation
CLL
35
Polyclonal B cell proliferation in periphery of lymph nodes
Follicular lymphoma
36
Painless lymphadenopathy with pain after alcohol
Hodgkin's lymphoma
37
Burr cells
Uraemia or pyruvate kinase deficiency
38
CD15 + CD30
Hodgkin's lymphoma
39
CD38 + CD138
Multiple myeloma
40
CD5 + CD8
CLL
41
FLT4 mutation
AML
42
Smear cells
CLL
43
Red cell osmotic fragility
Thalassaemia or hereditary spherocytosis
44
CD59 deficiency
Paroxysmal noctural haemoglobinuria
45
Decay-accelerating factor deficiency
Paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria
46
Anaemia + bone deformities + splenomegaly
Thalassaemia
47
Schilling test
B12 deficiency
48
Bleeding + shock in leukaemia
AML
49
CNS involvement in leukaemia
ALL
50
Fever + weight loss + pruritus + lymphadenopathy
Hodgkin's lymphoma
51
Pel-Ebstein fever (few days of fever alternating with 2-4 weeks of normal/low temperature)
Hodgkin's lymphoma
52
ADAMTS-13
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
53
Shiga toxin + anaemia
Haemolytic uraemic syndrome
54
Bloody diarrhoea + abdominal pain + haemolytic anaemia in child
Haemolytic uraemic syndrome
55
Haemolytic anaemia + elevated PT/INR + elevated D-dimer + low fibrinogen
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
56
Schistocytes
Microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia
57
Ringed sideroblasts + cytopenia
Myelodysplastic syndrome
58
Ristocetin cofactor activity
von Willebrand disease
59
Haemolytic anaemia associated with CLL, non-Hodkin's lymphoma and SLE
Warm autoimmune haemolytic anaemia
60
Haemolytic anaemia associated with HIV, Mycoplasma and mono
Cold autoimmune haemolytic anaemia
61
Low factor VIII:C levels + increased bleeding time
von Willebrand's disease
62
Increased bleeding time + increased PT/INR + increased APTT
Disseminated intravascular coagulation
63
Atypical B cells with spiky projections
Hairy cell leukaemia
64
Pancytopenia + ESR >100 + monoclonal gammopathy but normal Ca, no renal impairment and no symptoms of bony lesions
Waldenstöm's macroglobulinaemia
65
Punched-out bone lesions
Mutliple myeloma

Buzzwords (12 decks)

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