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Buzzwords > Haematological > Flashcards

Haematological Flashcards

1
Q

> 20% lymphoblasts in child

A

ALL

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2
Q

Auer rods

A

AML

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3
Q

Hypocellular marrow with increased fat spaces

A

Aplastic anaemia

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4
Q

Warm and cold antibodies

A

Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia

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5
Q

Positive Coomb’s test + reticulocytosis + spherocytosis + unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia

A

Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia

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6
Q

Hair-on-end appearance on x-ray + skull bossing

A

Thalassaemia

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7
Q

Decrease in MCV disproportionate to Hb

A

Thalassaemia

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8
Q

Lymphoma associated with EBV

A

Burkitt’s lymphoma (and Hodgkin’s lymphoma)

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9
Q

Lymphoma common in children in extranodal sites (e.g. jaw, ovary, retroperitoneum)

A

Burkitt’s lymphoma

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10
Q

t(8:14)

A

Burkitt’s lymphoma

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11
Q

Reticulocytosis after infection/illness/trimethoprim

A

G6PD deficiency

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12
Q

Heinz bodies

A

G6PD deficiency

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13
Q

Pigmented gallstones + spherocytosis

A

Hereditary spherocytosis

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14
Q

Positive osmotic fragility test

A

Hereditary spherocytosis

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15
Q

Hypersegmented neutrophils

A

Megaloblastic anaemia

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16
Q

Pancytopenia + elevated ESR + plasma cells on bone marrow biopsy

A

Multiple myeloma

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17
Q

Plethora + exertional dyspnoea

A

Polycythaemia

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18
Q

Tear drop cells + blasts

A

Primary myelofibrosis

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19
Q

Bone pain + haematuria in Africans after infection

A

Sickle cell anaemia (acute crisis)

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20
Q

African with avascular necrosis + secondary osteoporosis

A

Sickle cell anaemia

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21
Q

Anaemia after flucloxacillin therapy for osteomyelitis

A

Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia

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22
Q

CD20

A

B cell lymphoma

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23
Q

Fever + night sweats + weight loss + lymphadenopathy + Pemberton’s sign

A

Lymphoma

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24
Q

Rouleaux formation

A

Multiple myeloma

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25
Q

Paraprotein

A

Multiple myeloma

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26
Q

Bence Jones protein

A

Multiple myeloma

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27
Q

Pepperpot skull on x-ray

A

Multiple myeloma

28
Q

Toxic vacuolation and granulation of neutrophils

A

Sepsis, severe inflammation, etc.

29
Q

Döhle bodies

A

Sepsis, severe inflammation, etc.

30
Q

Howell-Jolly bodies

A

Hypo/asplenia

31
Q

Abnormal bleeding time + elevated D-dimer after trauma/sepsis

A

Disseminated intravascular coagulation

32
Q

Bleeding and bruising after infection

A

Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura

33
Q

Bleeding disorder primarily affecting males

A

Haemophilia

34
Q

Monoclonal B cell proliferation

A

CLL

35
Q

Polyclonal B cell proliferation in periphery of lymph nodes

A

Follicular lymphoma

36
Q

Painless lymphadenopathy with pain after alcohol

A

Hodgkin’s lymphoma

37
Q

Burr cells

A

Uraemia or pyruvate kinase deficiency

38
Q

CD15 + CD30

A

Hodgkin’s lymphoma

39
Q

CD38 + CD138

A

Multiple myeloma

40
Q

CD5 + CD8

A

CLL

41
Q

FLT4 mutation

A

AML

42
Q

Smear cells

A

CLL

43
Q

Red cell osmotic fragility

A

Thalassaemia or hereditary spherocytosis

44
Q

CD59 deficiency

A

Paroxysmal noctural haemoglobinuria

45
Q

Decay-accelerating factor deficiency

A

Paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria

46
Q

Anaemia + bone deformities + splenomegaly

A

Thalassaemia

47
Q

Schilling test

A

B12 deficiency

48
Q

Bleeding + shock in leukaemia

A

AML

49
Q

CNS involvement in leukaemia

A

ALL

50
Q

Fever + weight loss + pruritus + lymphadenopathy

A

Hodgkin’s lymphoma

51
Q

Pel-Ebstein fever (few days of fever alternating with 2-4 weeks of normal/low temperature)

A

Hodgkin’s lymphoma

52
Q

ADAMTS-13

A

Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura

53
Q

Shiga toxin + anaemia

A

Haemolytic uraemic syndrome

54
Q

Bloody diarrhoea + abdominal pain + haemolytic anaemia in child

A

Haemolytic uraemic syndrome

55
Q

Haemolytic anaemia + elevated PT/INR + elevated D-dimer + low fibrinogen

A

Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura

56
Q

Schistocytes

A

Microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia

57
Q

Ringed sideroblasts + cytopenia

A

Myelodysplastic syndrome

58
Q

Ristocetin cofactor activity

A

von Willebrand disease

59
Q

Haemolytic anaemia associated with CLL, non-Hodkin’s lymphoma and SLE

A

Warm autoimmune haemolytic anaemia

60
Q

Haemolytic anaemia associated with HIV, Mycoplasma and mono

A

Cold autoimmune haemolytic anaemia

61
Q

Low factor VIII:C levels + increased bleeding time

A

von Willebrand’s disease

62
Q

Increased bleeding time + increased PT/INR + increased APTT

A

Disseminated intravascular coagulation

63
Q

Atypical B cells with spiky projections

A

Hairy cell leukaemia

64
Q

Pancytopenia + ESR >100 + monoclonal gammopathy but normal Ca, no renal impairment and no symptoms of bony lesions

A

Waldenstöm’s macroglobulinaemia

65
Q

Punched-out bone lesions

A

Mutliple myeloma

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