HABER PROCESS

Question 1

name one use of ammonia

Answer 1

• used to make nitrogen-based fertilisers for farming

Question 2

what process is ammonia produced by

Answer 2

the Haber Process

Question 3

what are the raw materials for the Haber process

Answer 3

nitrogen

hydrogen

Question 4

what is the balanced symbol equation for the Haber Process with state symbols

Answer 4

N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) ⇌ 2NH3 (g)

Question 5

name a source of nitrogen

Answer 5

extracted from the air

Question 6

name a source of hydrogen

Answer 6

reacting methane with steam

Question 7

state the conditions needed for the Haber process

Answer 7

• an iron catalyst
• 450 degrees Celsius
• 200 atmospheres pressure

Question 8

to increase the yield of ammonia what do you need to do?

Answer 8

cool the ammonia which turns it into a liquid which is removed

Question 9

what does Le Chatelier’s principle state

Answer 9

if a system at equilibrium is subjected to a change in conditions then the system responds to counteract that change

Question 10

how do the conditions needed for the Haber Process increase the yield of ammonia

Answer 10

you can adjust the temperature and pressure to shift the position of equilibrium towards the right and side to produce more ammonia so the yield of ammonia produced increases

it is an exothermic reaction where a relatively cool temperature will shift the equilibrium to the right-hand side but a cool temperature makes the rate of reaction slow. 450 DEGREES CELSIUS IS A COMPROMISE TEMPERATURE WE GET A RELATIVELY FAST RATE OF REACTION AND A RELATIVELY HIGH YIELD OF AMMONIA. The iron catalyst also increases the rate of reaction.
High pressure will push equilibrium to the right-hand side

Question 11

what kind of reaction is the Haber Process

Answer 11

an EXOTHERMIC REACTION

Question 12

why do we use the temperature of 450 degrees Celsius to carry out the Haber Process

Answer 12

the percentage of ammonia is HIGHEST with the LOWEST TEMPERATURE but a low temperature reduces the rate of reaction
A LOW TEMPERATURE INCREASES THE RATE BUT LOWERS THE YIELD
and high temperatures require more energy which makes the process more expensive

Question 13

why do we use a pressure of 200 atmospheres to carry out the Haber Porcess

Answer 13

it is extremely EXPENSIVE and DANGEROUS to work with high pressures so we settle on a compromise pressure of 200 atmospheres

Question 14

what does the iron catalyst do in the Haber Process

Answer 14

the iron catalyst increases the rate of reaction but it has no effect on the position of equilibrium