Gut Development: Peritoneum and Peritoneal Cavity (new) Flashcards
What is the alimentary canal?
the tube that goes from the mouth to the anus that food passes through
What are the organs of the alimentary canal?
esophagus, stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, appendix, cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum
What are the accessory digestive organs?
spleen (lymphoid organ), liver, galbladder, pancreas
Where are all accessory digestive organs derived from?
foregut
What are the three segments of the gut tube?
foregut, midgut, hindgut
What alimentary organs are derived from the foregut?
esophagus, stomach, and first 1/2 of duodenum
What alimentary organs are derived from the midgut?
second 1/2 of duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, appendix, ascending colon, and 2/3 of transverse colon
What alimentary organs are derived from the hindgut?
1/3 of transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, and rectum
Where is the foregut/midgut transition?
half way through the duodenum
Where is the midgut/hindgut transition?
2/3 way through transverse colon
What branch of aorta supplies the foregut derivatives?
celiac artery
What branch of aorta supplies the midgut derivatives?
superior mesenteric artery
What branch of the aorta supplies the hindgut derivatives?
inferior mesenteric artery
Where are the preganglionic cell bodies for the foregut located?
T5-T9
Where are the preganglionic cell bodies for midgut located?
T9-T12
Where are the preganglionic cell bodies for hindgut located?
T12-L2
What nerve supplies sympathetic innervation of the foregut?
greater splanchnic nerve
What nerve supplies sympathetic innervation of the midgut?
lesser/least splanchnic nerves
What nerve supplies sympathetic innervation of the hindgut?
least/lumbar splanchnic nerves
What prevertebral ganglion supplies the foregut? (sympathetic)
celiac
What prevertebral ganglion supplies the midgut? (sympathetic)
superior mesenteric
What prevertebral ganglion supplies the hingut? (sympathetic)
inferior mesenteric/intermesenteric
What artery do postganglionic axons follow in foregut?
celiac artery
What artery do postganglionic axons follow in midgut?
superior mesenteric artery
What nerve do postganglionic axons follow in hindgut?
inferior mesenteric artery
Where are preganglionic parasymp cell bodies for the foregut?
brainstem
Where are preganglionic parasym cell bodies for the midgut?
brainstem
Where are preganglionic cell bodies for the hindgut?
S2-S4
What nerve supplies the parasympathetic innervation for the foregut?
vagus nerve (CN X)
What nerve supplies the parasympathetic innervation for the midgut?
vagus nerve
What nerve supplies the parasympathetic innervation for the hindgut?
pelvic splanchnic nerve
What supply the somatic sensory innervation of the body wall?
intercostal nerves
Is the peritoneum pain sensitive?
the parietal peritoneum is
What layer of the peritoneum is on the body wall?
parietal peritoneum
What layer of the peritoneum is on the organs themselves?
visceral peritoneum
What is the mesentary?
the bridge between visceral and parietal peritoneum
Is the visceral peritoneum pain sensitive?
no it is pain insensitive
What are the two functions of the mesentary ?
- suspend organs
- conduit for nerves, blood vessels, and lymphatics
What does it mean if an organ is secondarily retroperitoneal?
start as mesenteric organs and then fall back onto the body wall and one of the layers of peritoneal disappears
What do all of the gut organs start as?
mesenteric
Is gut organs fall back and become retroperitoneal, what is that called?
secondarily retroperitoneal (has a mesentary and lost it)
What are primary retroperitoneal organs?
ones that are not in the digestive tract and never had a mesentary
(kidneys, aorta, other things)
An mesenteric organ may also be refered to as
intraperitoneal
Name 2 entirely mesenteric organs:
Stomach; small intestine?
