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Anatomy I Exam 4 > Esophagus, Stomach, and Duodenum > Flashcards

Esophagus, Stomach, and Duodenum Flashcards

1
Q

What are the esophagus, stomach and duodenum derived from?

A

foregut

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2
Q

What is the fundus of the stomach?

A

the most superior part of the stomach
-usually filled with air and can be seen in radiographic

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3
Q

What is the atrum of the stomach?

A

the narrowing of the stomach that goes toward the small intestine

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4
Q

What is the cardia of the stomach?

A

the part where the esophagus empties into the stomach

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5
Q

Is the stomach mesenteric or secondarily retroperitoneal?

A

mesenteric

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6
Q

Is the stomach a freely mobile organ?

A

yes

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7
Q

Is the duodenum mesenteric or secondarily retroperitoneal?

A

the first segment of mesenteric and the other three are secondarily retroperitoneal

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8
Q

What is the longest segment of the duodenum?

A

the second

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9
Q

What is the celiac trunk?

A

unpaired branch of the aorta

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10
Q

What are the three branches of the celiac artery?

A

Common Hepatic
left gastric artery
splenic artery

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11
Q

Is the esophagus a gut derivative?

A

yes

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12
Q

Air bubble in what region of the stomach can be seen on an x-ray of standing pt? helps identify the stomach’s location

A

fundus

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13
Q

The antrum of the stomach narrows down to the ___

A

pylorus

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14
Q

The angular Incisura is found along the ___ of the stomach

A

lesser curvature

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15
Q

controls the emptying of the stomach contents into the duodenum

A

Pylorus (strong smooth muscle sphincter); relaxed=out, contract=in

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16
Q

Rugae increase the surface area of the stomach mucosa for enzyme and acid secretion and function mechanically by:

A

helping churn and break down food

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17
Q

T/F: The stomach is entirely mesenteroc/intraperitoneal

A

true

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18
Q

The ___ is a part of the small intestine and is the first part after the stomach

A

duodenum

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19
Q

The duodenum receive __ from the liver and ___ juices to assist with digestion

A

bile; pancreatic juices

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20
Q

Describe the directions of the 4 segments of the duodenum

A

horizontal, descending, horizontal, ascending

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21
Q

Foregut to Midgut Transition:

A

between 2nd and 3rd segments of the duodenum

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22
Q

Which segments of the duodenum maintain its mesentary in adults?

A

The first segment is retroperitoneal and mesenteric

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23
Q

Which segements of the duodenum are secondarily retroperiotneal? AKA do not contain a mesentary in adults

A

second, third, and fourth segments

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24
Q

Describe the attachments of the lesser omentum

A

connects lesser curve of stomach to the liver; contains vessels that supply stomach and duodenum; from espohagus, past pylorus, to upper horizontal first part of duodenum

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25
Describe the orientation of the greater omentum--what is its function?
from greater curve of stomach and drapes over intestines; stores fat, can move in response to gravity, adheres to inflamed or injured areas!
26
Major blood supply for the stomach and duodenum
Celiac Artery
27
Branch of Celiac artery supplying the distal esophagus and the lesser curvature of the stomach
Left Gastric Artery
28
Branch of Celiac artery supplying spleen, pancreas, and stomach
Splenic Artery
29
Branch of Celiac Artery supplying the liver, gallbladder, and duodenum
Common Hepatic Artery
30
ID R Gastroomental Artery
!
31
What artery passes the C shape of the lesser curve of the duodenum??
SMA
32
Major blood supply to the slpeen running Posterior to the stomach
Splenic Artery (becomes mesenteric when reaches spleen)
33
(branch) supplying greater curve of stomach
Short Gastric Arteries
34
(branch) supplies left side of the greater curve of the stomach
left gastroomental artery (embedded in greater omentum)
35
The greater omentum contains the vessels supplying the ___ curve of the stomach
greater
36
Major blood supply to the liver
Common hepatic Artery
37
2 branches of the com hep artery
hepatic art proper and gastro-duodenal artery
38
(branch) branch of hepatic artery proper supplying lesser curv of stomach along w left gastric artery
right gastric artery (along w left gastric artery)
39
What anastomosis occurs along the lesser curvature of the stomach?
between the left and right gastric arteries
40
what artery supplies the stomach and the duodenum
gastro-duodenal artery
41
supplies the greater curv of stomach
right gastroomental artery
42
What anastomosis occurs along the greater curve of the stomach?
between right and left gastroomental arteries
43
supplies the first segment of duodenum
supraduodenal artery
44
supplies both the duodenum and the pancreas
superior pancreaticduodenal arteries
45
The superior Pancreatocduodenal arteries anastomose wirth the ___ at the ___
SMA; duodenojejunal junction
46
At the transverse colon ___ and ___ form anastomiss
SMA abd IMA
47
Celiac and SMA anastomose where?
between 2 and 3rd sections of duoden/halfway through duodenum
48
What does the gastrophrenic ligament connect? what does it contain?
diaphragm and fundus of the stomach; doest contain significant blood supply
49
What does the Gastrosplenic Ligament connect? what does it contain?
Stomach and spleen; contains short gastric ligaments
50
what does the gastrocolic ligament connect? what does it contain?
stomach and transverse colon; contains gastroomental arteries
51
ID lesser Sac
!
52
what happens that seals off the lesser sac?
Duodenum becomes retroperitoneal
53
Hole in lesser sac where lesser and greater sac communicate
Omental Foramen
54
____ suspends the stomach from the liver
lesser omentum (anterior body wall)
55
if Liver/diaphragm are the ceiling-- back wall of lesser sac
posterior abdominal walls (covered by parietal peritoneum)
56
if Liver/diaphragm are the ceiling-- front wall of lesser sac
stomach, lesser omentum, gastrocolic ligament
57
if Liver/diaphragm are the ceiling-- left wall of lesser sac
lienorenal ligament
58
if Liver/diaphragm are the ceiling-- right wall of lesser sac
duodenum, IVC, omental foramen
59
Name the branches of the celiac artery:
Splenic artery, Common Hepatic Artery, Left Gastric Artery
60
T/F: Hepatoduodenal is part pf the greater omentum
NO

Anatomy I Exam 4 (14 decks)

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