Esophagus, Stomach, and Duodenum Flashcards
What are the esophagus, stomach and duodenum derived from?
foregut
What is the fundus of the stomach?
the most superior part of the stomach
-usually filled with air and can be seen in radiographic
What is the atrum of the stomach?
the narrowing of the stomach that goes toward the small intestine
What is the cardia of the stomach?
the part where the esophagus empties into the stomach
Is the stomach mesenteric or secondarily retroperitoneal?
mesenteric
Is the stomach a freely mobile organ?
yes
Is the duodenum mesenteric or secondarily retroperitoneal?
the first segment of mesenteric and the other three are secondarily retroperitoneal
What is the longest segment of the duodenum?
the second
What is the celiac trunk?
unpaired branch of the aorta
What are the three branches of the celiac artery?
Common Hepatic
left gastric artery
splenic artery
Is the esophagus a gut derivative?
yes
Air bubble in what region of the stomach can be seen on an x-ray of standing pt? helps identify the stomach’s location
fundus
The antrum of the stomach narrows down to the ___
pylorus
The angular Incisura is found along the ___ of the stomach
lesser curvature
controls the emptying of the stomach contents into the duodenum
Pylorus (strong smooth muscle sphincter); relaxed=out, contract=in
Rugae increase the surface area of the stomach mucosa for enzyme and acid secretion and function mechanically by:
helping churn and break down food
T/F: The stomach is entirely mesenteroc/intraperitoneal
true
The ___ is a part of the small intestine and is the first part after the stomach
duodenum
The duodenum receive __ from the liver and ___ juices to assist with digestion
bile; pancreatic juices
Describe the directions of the 4 segments of the duodenum
horizontal, descending, horizontal, ascending
Foregut to Midgut Transition:
between 2nd and 3rd segments of the duodenum
Which segments of the duodenum maintain its mesentary in adults?
The first segment is retroperitoneal and mesenteric
Which segements of the duodenum are secondarily retroperiotneal? AKA do not contain a mesentary in adults
second, third, and fourth segments
Describe the attachments of the lesser omentum
connects lesser curve of stomach to the liver; contains vessels that supply stomach and duodenum; from espohagus, past pylorus, to upper horizontal first part of duodenum
Describe the orientation of the greater omentum–what is its function?
from greater curve of stomach and drapes over intestines; stores fat, can move in response to gravity, adheres to inflamed or injured areas!
Major blood supply for the stomach and duodenum
Celiac Artery
Branch of Celiac artery supplying the distal esophagus and the lesser curvature of the stomach
Left Gastric Artery
Branch of Celiac artery supplying spleen, pancreas, and stomach
Splenic Artery
Branch of Celiac Artery supplying the liver, gallbladder, and duodenum
Common Hepatic Artery
ID R Gastroomental Artery
!
What artery passes the C shape of the lesser curve of the duodenum??
SMA
Major blood supply to the slpeen running Posterior to the stomach
Splenic Artery (becomes mesenteric when reaches spleen)
(branch) supplying greater curve of stomach
Short Gastric Arteries
(branch) supplies left side of the greater curve of the stomach
left gastroomental artery (embedded in greater omentum)
The greater omentum contains the vessels supplying the ___ curve of the stomach
greater
Major blood supply to the liver
Common hepatic Artery
2 branches of the com hep artery
hepatic art proper and gastro-duodenal artery
(branch) branch of hepatic artery proper supplying lesser curv of stomach along w left gastric artery
right gastric artery (along w left gastric artery)
What anastomosis occurs along the lesser curvature of the stomach?
between the left and right gastric arteries
what artery supplies the stomach and the duodenum
gastro-duodenal artery
supplies the greater curv of stomach
right gastroomental artery
What anastomosis occurs along the greater curve of the stomach?
between right and left gastroomental arteries
supplies the first segment of duodenum
supraduodenal artery
supplies both the duodenum and the pancreas
superior pancreaticduodenal arteries
The superior Pancreatocduodenal arteries anastomose wirth the ___ at the ___
SMA; duodenojejunal junction
At the transverse colon ___ and ___ form anastomiss
SMA abd IMA
Celiac and SMA anastomose where?
between 2 and 3rd sections of duoden/halfway through duodenum
What does the gastrophrenic ligament connect? what does it contain?
diaphragm and fundus of the stomach; doest contain significant blood supply
What does the Gastrosplenic Ligament connect? what does it contain?
Stomach and spleen; contains short gastric ligaments
what does the gastrocolic ligament connect? what does it contain?
stomach and transverse colon; contains gastroomental arteries
ID lesser Sac
!
what happens that seals off the lesser sac?
Duodenum becomes retroperitoneal
Hole in lesser sac where lesser and greater sac communicate
Omental Foramen
____ suspends the stomach from the liver
lesser omentum (anterior body wall)
if Liver/diaphragm are the ceiling– back wall of lesser sac
posterior abdominal walls (covered by parietal peritoneum)
if Liver/diaphragm are the ceiling– front wall of lesser sac
stomach, lesser omentum, gastrocolic ligament
if Liver/diaphragm are the ceiling– left wall of lesser sac
lienorenal ligament
if Liver/diaphragm are the ceiling– right wall of lesser sac
duodenum, IVC, omental foramen
Name the branches of the celiac artery:
Splenic artery, Common Hepatic Artery, Left Gastric Artery
T/F: Hepatoduodenal is part pf the greater omentum
NO
