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Anatomy Exam 4 > Esophagus, Stomach, and Duodenum > Flashcards

Esophagus, Stomach, and Duodenum Flashcards

1
Q

What are the esophagus, stomach and duodenum derived from?

A

foregut

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2
Q

What is the fundus of the stomach?

A

the most superior part of the stomach
-usually filled with air and can be seen in radiographic

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3
Q

What is the atrum of the stomach?

A

the narrowing of the stomach that goes toward the small intestine

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4
Q

What is the cardia of the stomach?

A

the part where the esophagus empties into the stomach

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5
Q

Is the stomach mesenteric or secondarily retroperitoneal?

A

mesenteric

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6
Q

Is the stomach a freely mobile organ?

A

yes

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7
Q

Is the duodenum mesenteric or secondarily retroperitoneal?

A

the first segment of mesenteric and the other three are secondarily retroperitoneal

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8
Q

What is the longest segment of the duodenum?

A

the second

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9
Q

What is the celiac trunk?

A

unpaired branch of the aorta

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10
Q

What are the three branches of the celiac artery?

A

Common Hepatic
left gastric artery
splenic artery

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11
Q

Is the esophagus a gut derivative?

A

yes

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12
Q

Air bubble in what region of the stomach can be seen on an x-ray of standing pt? helps identify the stomach’s location

A

fundus

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13
Q

The antrum of the stomach narrows down to the ___

A

pylorus

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14
Q

The angular Incisura is found along the ___ of the stomach

A

lesser curvature

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15
Q

controls the emptying of the stomach contents into the duodenum

A

Pylorus (strong smooth muscle sphincter); relaxed=out, contract=in

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16
Q

Rugae increase the surface area of the stomach mucosa for enzyme and acid secretion and function mechanically by:

A

helping churn and break down food

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17
Q

T/F: The stomach is entirely mesenteroc/intraperitoneal

A

true

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18
Q

The ___ is a part of the small intestine and is the first part after the stomach

A

duodenum

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19
Q

The duodenum receive __ from the liver and ___ juices to assist with digestion

A

bile; pancreatic juices

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20
Q

Describe the directions of the 4 segments of the duodenum

A

horizontal, descending, horizontal, ascending

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21
Q

Foregut to Midgut Transition:

A

between 2nd and 3rd segments of the duodenum

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22
Q

Which segments of the duodenum maintain its mesentary in adults?

A

The first segment is retroperitoneal and mesenteric

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23
Q

Which segements of the duodenum are secondarily retroperiotneal? AKA do not contain a mesentary in adults

A

second, third, and fourth segments

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24
Q

Describe the attachments of the lesser omentum

A

connects lesser curve of stomach to the liver; contains vessels that supply stomach and duodenum; from espohagus, past pylorus, to upper horizontal first part of duodenum

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25
Q

Describe the orientation of the greater omentum–what is its function?

A

from greater curve of stomach and drapes over intestines; stores fat, can move in response to gravity, adheres to inflamed or injured areas!

26
Q

Major blood supply for the stomach and duodenum

A

Celiac Artery

27
Q

Branch of Celiac artery supplying the distal esophagus and the lesser curvature of the stomach

A

Left Gastric Artery

28
Q

Branch of Celiac artery supplying spleen, pancreas, and stomach

A

Splenic Artery

29
Q

Branch of Celiac Artery supplying the liver, gallbladder, and duodenum

A

Common Hepatic Artery

30
Q

ID R Gastroomental Artery

A

!

31
Q

What artery passes the C shape of the lesser curve of the duodenum??

A

SMA

32
Q

Major blood supply to the slpeen running Posterior to the stomach

A

Splenic Artery (becomes mesenteric when reaches spleen)

33
Q

(branch) supplying greater curve of stomach

A

Short Gastric Arteries

34
Q

(branch) supplies left side of the greater curve of the stomach

A

left gastroomental artery (embedded in greater omentum)

35
Q

The greater omentum contains the vessels supplying the ___ curve of the stomach

A

greater

36
Q

Major blood supply to the liver

A

Common hepatic Artery

37
Q

2 branches of the com hep artery

A

hepatic art proper and gastro-duodenal artery

38
Q

(branch) branch of hepatic artery proper supplying lesser curv of stomach along w left gastric artery

A

right gastric artery (along w left gastric artery)

39
Q

What anastomosis occurs along the lesser curvature of the stomach?

A

between the left and right gastric arteries

40
Q

what artery supplies the stomach and the duodenum

A

gastro-duodenal artery

41
Q

supplies the greater curv of stomach

A

right gastroomental artery

42
Q

What anastomosis occurs along the greater curve of the stomach?

A

between right and left gastroomental arteries

43
Q

supplies the first segment of duodenum

A

supraduodenal artery

44
Q

supplies both the duodenum and the pancreas

A

superior pancreaticduodenal arteries

45
Q

The superior Pancreatocduodenal arteries anastomose wirth the ___ at the ___

A

SMA; duodenojejunal junction

46
Q

At the transverse colon ___ and ___ form anastomiss

A

SMA abd IMA

47
Q

Celiac and SMA anastomose where?

A

between 2 and 3rd sections of duoden/halfway through duodenum

48
Q

What does the gastrophrenic ligament connect? what does it contain?

A

diaphragm and fundus of the stomach; doest contain significant blood supply

49
Q

What does the Gastrosplenic Ligament connect? what does it contain?

A

Stomach and spleen; contains short gastric ligaments

50
Q

what does the gastrocolic ligament connect? what does it contain?

A

stomach and transverse colon; contains gastroomental arteries

51
Q

ID lesser Sac

A

!

52
Q

what happens that seals off the lesser sac?

A

Duodenum becomes retroperitoneal

53
Q

Hole in lesser sac where lesser and greater sac communicate

A

Omental Foramen

54
Q

____ suspends the stomach from the liver

A

lesser omentum (anterior body wall)

55
Q

if Liver/diaphragm are the ceiling– back wall of lesser sac

A

posterior abdominal walls (covered by parietal peritoneum)

56
Q

if Liver/diaphragm are the ceiling– front wall of lesser sac

A

stomach, lesser omentum, gastrocolic ligament

57
Q

if Liver/diaphragm are the ceiling– left wall of lesser sac

A

lienorenal ligament

58
Q

if Liver/diaphragm are the ceiling– right wall of lesser sac

A

duodenum, IVC, omental foramen

59
Q

Name the branches of the celiac artery:

A

Splenic artery, Common Hepatic Artery, Left Gastric Artery

60
Q

T/F: Hepatoduodenal is part pf the greater omentum

A

NO

Anatomy Exam 4 (14 decks)

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