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Med surg > GU drugs > Flashcards

GU drugs Flashcards

1
Q

FSH

A

stimulates the release of the follicule and increases estrogen

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2
Q

LH

A

causes the follicle to swell and open midcycle, releasing ovum. The empty follicle becomes a corpus luteum and secretes estrogen and progesterone. estrogen stimulates the endometrium to thicken. if pregnancy does not occur the corpus luteum stops secreting its hormones and the endometerium falls away (this is menses)

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3
Q

PMS symptoms

A

begin during the luteal phase and end when menses begins.

  1. water retention
  2. headache
  3. diarrhea
  4. mood swings
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4
Q

oral contraceptive uses

A
  1. prevent pregnancy
  2. reduces fluid retention associated with PMS
  3. can be used for migraine headaches
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5
Q

oral contraceptive prototypes

A

1.Ethinyl estradiol and drospirenone (Yasmin)

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6
Q

oral contraceptive action

A
  1. suppresses secretion of FSH and LH.
  2. thicken cervical mucus to prevent adequate sperm movement
  3. acts like spironolactone
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7
Q

oral contraceptive SEs

A
  1. thromboembolism
  2. uterine bleeding
  3. increase risk of breast cancer (BRC1 women only) but decrease risk for
  4. HTN and hyperkalemia (spironolactone like action)
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8
Q

oral contraceptive interventions

A
  1. monitor for thrombi (smoking increases risk)

2. monitor ECG periodically (can cause dysrhythmias)

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9
Q

oral contraceptive admin

A

if 1 pill is missed take an extra pill with the next pill. If two missed pills take an extra pill for two consecutive days. If 3 pills are missed you need to start a new 7 day cycle.

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10
Q

oral contraceptive teaching

A
  1. do not smoke
  2. regular BP checks
  3. watch out for heart problems
    - edema, sudden vision changes, severe headache, SOB
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11
Q

oral contraceptives contraindications

A
  1. history of embolic events
  2. breast cancer
  3. altered liver, renal, or adrenal function
  4. smokers above age 35
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12
Q

oral contraceptive interactions

A
  1. ace inhibitors can cause hyperkalemia
  2. can reduce effects of warfarin and hypoglycemic drugs
  3. can increase levels of theophylline, diazepam, chlordiazepoxide and antidepressants
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13
Q

the 3 Uterine stimulants

A

1.oxytocin
2.dinoprostone
3.methylergonovine
in order for these drugs to work there must be effacement (soft and thin cervix) and cervix must be dilated

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14
Q

Oxytocin uses

A
  1. uterine stimulant
  2. induce or enhance labor
  3. treats postpartum hemorrhage
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15
Q

oxytocin action

A
  1. stimulates smooth muscle to contract (as pregnancy progresses there are more receptors)
  2. responsible for milk ejection
  3. causes water retention
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16
Q

oxytocin SEs

A
  1. uterine hyperstimulation
    - leading to major bleed
  2. HTN crisis and water intoxication due to water retention
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17
Q

oxytocin interventions

A
  1. monitor for risk factors such as multiple deliveries
  2. monitor for headache, n/v and BP
  3. monitor I and O and LOC
  4. for hyperstimulation turn patient to side, stop infusion, and give o2 and give a uterine relaxant
18
Q

what is considered uterine hyperstimulation

A

contractions that last longer then 60 seconds and occur more frequently then every 2-3 mins. Or a resting uterine pressure greater then 20 mmhg.

19
Q

oxytocin admin

A

monitor fetal HR (110-160)

20
Q

oxytocin teaching

A

report drowsiness, headache, palpitations, nausea, or chest pain

21
Q

oxytocin contraindications

A
  1. unripe cervix
  2. active genital herpes
  3. prolapse or breech
22
Q

oxytocin interactions

A
  1. vasopressors, can cause HTN

2. cyclopropane anesthesia can cause hypotension, bradycardia and dysrhytmias

23
Q

Ergot alkaloids uses

A

prevent and treat postpartum and post abortion hemorrhage

24
Q

ergot alkaloids prototypes

A
  1. Methylergonovine (Methergine)

2. Ergonovine (Ergotrate)

25
Q

Ergot alkaloids action

A

substances that come from ergot, a dry substance that grows on rye plants. they cause
1.strong uterine contractions by stimulating the smooth muscle in the uterus

26
Q

Ergot alkaloids SEs

A

Ses are rare for oral admin

  1. HTN
  2. N/V and headache
  3. bradycardia
  4. seizures
27
Q

Ergot alkaloids interventions

A
  1. monitor BP and heart rate
  2. monitor for n/v and headaches and note worsening headaches
  3. watch for seizures
28
Q

Ergot alkaloids admin

A
  1. check BP and hold if BP is greater then 140

2. dont give until both fetus and placenta have been delivered

29
Q

ergot alkaloids teaching

A

report headache nausea and weakness/palpitations

30
Q

ergot alkaloids contraindications

A
  1. induction of labor
  2. HTN
  3. Cardiac disease
31
Q

Ergot alkaloids interactions

A
  1. parenteral sympathomimetics and triptans can cause HTN

2. Protease inhibitors and itraconazole increase risk of toxicity

32
Q

Synthetic prostaglandins uses

A

promote effacement (softening, shortening, dilating of the cervix)

33
Q

synthetic prostaglandin prototype

A
  1. Dinoprostone (Cervidil)

2. Misoprostol (cytotec)

34
Q

synthetic prostaglandin action

A
  1. activates collagenase which breaks down the rigid collagen complex that keeps the cervix closed and inflexible. Then it softens the cervix and stimulates labor by starting uterine contractions.
35
Q

synthetic prostaglandins SEs

A
  1. uterine hyperstimulation
  2. N/V/D
  3. Fever
36
Q

synthetic prostaglandin interventions

A
  1. monitor contractions
  2. maintain hydration
  3. monitor temperature
    - fever is expected within 15-45 mins after instillation and resolves within 2-4 hours
37
Q

prostaglandin admin

A
  1. when giving the gel from have patients void prior to insertion
  2. have patients lie supine after insertion and remain supine for 30 mins
38
Q

prostaglandins teaching

A
  1. report n/v/d and fever

2. increase clear fluids

39
Q

prostaglandin contraindications

A
  1. acute PID
  2. active cardiac/lung disease
  3. liver or kidney impairment
40
Q

prostaglandins interactions

A

oxytocic agents increase risk for hyperstimulation

Med surg (35 decks)

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