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Correlation 1 > GTS > Flashcards

GTS Flashcards

1
Q

In Ga

  1. Hadean
  2. Archean
  3. Proterozoic
  4. Phanerozoic
A
  1. 4.5 - 3.85 Ga
  2. 3.85 - 2.5 Ga
  3. 2.5 - 1.0 Ga
  4. 0.542 - present Ga
    or
    542 Ma to present
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2
Q

In Ma

  1. Cambrian
  2. Ordovician
  3. Silurian
  4. Devonian
  5. Carboniferous
  6. Permian
  7. Triassic
  8. Jurassic
  9. Cretaceous
  10. Paleogene
  11. Neogene
  12. Quaternary
A
  1. 542- 488 Ma
  2. 488 - 444 Ma
  3. 444 - 416 Ma
  4. 416 - 359 Ma
  5. 359 - 299 Ma
  6. 299 - 251 Ma
  7. 251 - 201.6 Ma
  8. 201.6 - 145.5 Ma
  9. 145.5 - 65.5 Ma
  10. 66.5 - 23 Ma
  11. 23 - 2.6 Ma
  12. 2.6 - present
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3
Q

In Ga

Divisions of Archean

A

Eoarchean (3.85 - 3.6 Ga)
Paleoarchean (3.6 - 3.2 Ga)
Mesoarchean (3.2 - 2.8 Ga)
Neoarchean (2.8 - 2.5 Ga)

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4
Q

In Ga/Ma

Divisions of Proterozoic

A

Paleoproterozoic (2.5 - 1.6 Ga)
Mesoproterozoic (1.6 - 1 Ga)
Neoproterozoic (1 - 542 Ma)

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5
Q

Age of Invertebrate

A

Cambrian

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6
Q

Age of Fishes

A

Devonian

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7
Q

Age of Plants

A

Carboniferous

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8
Q

Golden Age of Trilobites

A

Cambrian

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9
Q

Age of Orogeny

A

Devonian

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10
Q

Age of Cycads

A

Triassic

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11
Q

Age of Dinosaur

A

Jurassic

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12
Q

Age of Reptiles

A

Mesozoic

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13
Q

Age of Mammals

A

Cenozoic

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14
Q

Age of Acasta Gneiss

A

4.03 Ga

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15
Q

Age of Zircon in Jack Hills, W. AU

A

4.4

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16
Q

Appearance of Acritarch

A

Mesoarchean

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17
Q

Chemical evidence of life in Greenland

A

Greenland Stromatolite

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18
Q

Events in Mesoarchean

*fossil
~supercontinent formation
^orogeny

A

Acritarch appearance

~Ur

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19
Q

Events in Eoarchean

A
  1. Algoma formation
  2. Vaalbara formation
  3. Greenland Stromatolite
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20
Q

Event in Paleoarchean

A

Archean Stromatolite

-Hamelin Pool, Shark’s bay, W. AU

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21
Q

Events in Neoarchean

*fossil
~supercontinent formation
^orogeny

A

~Kenorland

Vaalbara break up

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22
Q

First glaciation in the Earth’s history

A

Huronian Glaciation

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23
Q

Events in Paleoproterozoic

*fossil
~supercontinent formation
^orogeny

A 
Huronian Glaciation
*Grypania 
Vredefort Crater
Sudbury Crater
~Columbia or Nuna or Hudsonland
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24
Q

Events in Mesoproterozoic

*fossil
~supercontinent formation
^orogeny

A 
^Grenville
~Pannotia
~Rodinia
Mirovia (Super Ocean)
*Bangiomorpha
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25
Q

Events in Neoproterozoic

*fossil
~supercontinent formation
^orogeny

A

Cryogenian Ice Age/Variangian Glaciation

~Pannotia
*Ediacaran Fauna
Iapetus Ocean

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26
Q

Six Paleozoic contient form the break-up of Panotia

A
  1. Gondwana –
    S. America, Africa, Florida, AQ, AU, IN
  2. Laurentia –
    N America, GL, Scotland, E. RU
  3. Baltica –
    RU, Scandinavian, PL, N. DE
  4. Siberia –
    RU, Asia
  5. Kazakhstania
  6. China –
    All of SE Asia, Indochina, TH, MY
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27
Q

First appearance of:
Trilobites, jawlessfishes, benthic (Ostracoderms)
Forams, octopus, clams, snails, mollusks,
archaeocyathids-first reef builders,
Brachiopods, gastropods, echinoderms, ostracods,
conodonts, algae, graptolites

A

Cambrian

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28
Q

First Reef Builders

A

Archeocyatids

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29
Q

First Eukaryotes

A

Bangiomorpha

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30
Q

oldest known megafossil in Negaunee Iron Formation in Michigan

A

Grypania

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31
Q

oldest and largest ice age (Snowball Earth pt. 1)

A

Huronian Glaciation

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32
Q

First orogeny to affect the Appalachian Mobile Belt

A

Taconic Orogeny

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33
Q

First appearance of :

  1. Nautiloids - Dominant predators
  2. Fungi appeared on Land
  3. First Non-vascular plants (Moss)
  4. Eureotyrids (Sea Scorpions)
A

Ordovician

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34
Q
  • 2nd largest mass extinction
  • 85% casualty on all marine and land species
  • 60% of Marine invertebrates died
  • Causes: Gondwana move southwards resulting to extensive glaciation and Sea level Fall
A

Ordovician-Silurian Mass Extinction

Hirtnanian-Rhuddanian Mass Extinction

35
Q

First apperances:

  1. First wingless insects
  2. First ammonites
  3. First Amphibian
  4. First sharks
A

Devonian

36
Q

First appearance of Lycopsids, Conifers, Cycads,

First Forest

A

Carboniferous

37
Q

First Appearances

  1. Planktonic Forams
  2. First birds
  3. Flying reptiles
A

Jurassic

38
Q

First appearance of Crocodile

A

Cretaceous

39
Q

First Apperance:

  1. Frogs, Turtle, Snakes
  2. Archosaurs -
  3. Mammals (Family of Roden),
  4. Scheractinian, Plerosuars
  5. Cocoliths and Dinoflagellates
  6. Sea Urchins (Arkarua)
A

Triassic

40
Q

First Appearances
1 Marsupials
2 Diatoms
3 Angiosperms

A

Cretaceous

41
Q

First appearances

  1. Eohippus or Hyracotherium (Horse)
  2. Bats, Whales, Elephants, Penguins
A

eocene

42
Q

First appearances

  • Dog, Antelope, Bear, Giraffe, Deer, Megalodons
  • First raccoons appear
  • Forests give way to grasslands
A

Miocene

43
Q

Diversification of Ammonites

A

Triassic

44
Q

Period of Pollenation

A

Triassic

45
Q

Oldest known amphibian fossil

A

Ichthyostega

46
Q

Earliest tetrapod

A

Tiktaalik Rosae

47
Q

Diversification of Plants

A

Devonian

48
Q

evolved from protothyrids

A

Finback Reptiles
or
Pelycosaurs

49
Q

Diversification of Acritarch

A

Ordovician

50
Q

oldest known reptile

A

Westlothiana

51
Q

Ice Age land bering bridge

A

Pleistocene

52
Q

Dawn of Life

A

Eocene

53
Q

Abundance of Cephalopods

A

Ordovician

54
Q

Baikal Rift, Red Sea

A

Oligocene

55
Q

Closing of Tethys

A

Eocene

56
Q

Rifting of India

A

Jurassic

57
Q

Break-up of Pangea

a. When
b. Landmass composition

A

A, Triassic

B. - Gondwana
S. America, Africa, IN, AQ, AU

  • Laurasia
    (N. America and Eurasia)
58
Q
  • mountain building in western North America
  • following the Late Devonian Antler orogeny
  • named by Silberling and Roberts
A

Sonoma Orogeny

59
Q
  • Marine genera observed extinction: 53%
  • Calculated marine species extinct: 80%
  • Extinction of Conodonts
  • No clear cause has been found
A

Triassic-Jurassic Mass Extinction

60
Q

Largest Mass Extinction

  • Elimination of over 95% of marine and 70% of terrestrial species.
  • Extinction of Trilobites, eurypterids, acanthodians, blastoids
A

Permian-Triassic Mass Extinction

61
Q

Period of Siberian Traps

A

Permian

62
Q

Enormous ocean surrounding Pangea

A

Panthalassa

63
Q

Cause of the Great Dying

A

Cause:

  1. Bolide impact events
  2. Increased Volcanism
  3. Sudden release of methane from seafloor
  4. Sea level change
  5. Increase anoxia
  6. increasing aridity
64
Q
  • 5th largest mass extinction
  • 80% of all living species , primarily the marine community have been wiped out.
  • Extinction of cooksonia, tribulate corals, stromatoporoids, ostracoderms, and placoderm
A

Late Devonian (Frasnian-Famennian) Mass Extinction

65
Q

La Garita Caldera

  • San Andreas Fault
  • Circum Pacific belt
  • Early Antarctic Glaciation
A

Oligocene

66
Q

African-Arabian plate joined to Asia

A

Miocene

67
Q

Mammoth

A

Pliocene

68
Q

ndia meets Asia forming the Himalayas

A

Eocene

69
Q

Deccan Traps and Rocky Moutains formation

A

Paleocene

70
Q 
76% of all species lost
-Extinction of Dinosaurs and ammonites
-Possible Cause: Meteorite Impact
 Evidence: Iridium Layer (KPg Boundary)
 Chicxulub Crater - (150 km) Yucatán Peninsula in Mexic
A

K-T Mass Extinction

71
Q

Formation of Atlantic Ocean

A

Cretaceous

72
Q

Orogeny in Ordovician

A

Taconic Orogeny

73
Q

Orogeny in Mesoproterozoic

A

Grenville Orogeny

74
Q

Orogeny in Silurian

A

Caledonian Orogeny

75
Q

Orogeny in Triassic

A

Sonoma Orogeny

76
Q

Orogeny in Devonian

A

Acadian
Cordilleran-Antler
Ellesmere

77
Q

Orogeny in Jurassic

A

Nevadan Orogeny

78
Q

Orogeny in Paleoproterozoic

A

Hudsonian Orogeny

79
Q

Orogeny in Cretaceous

A

Sevier

Laramide

80
Q

Ontong Java Plateau

A

Cretaceous

81
Q

Orogeny in Paleocene

A

Alpine Orogeny

82
Q

Orogeny in Eocene

A

Himalayan Orogeny

83
Q

Greenhouse Earth - Warmest

A

Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum

Correlation 1 (17 decks)

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