Gross Anatomy Of Scalp

Question 1

What are the 5 parts of the scalp

Answer 1

SCALP
Skin
Cutaneous layer (dense connective tissue)
Aponeurotic layer
Loose areolar tissue layer
Pericranium

Question 2

The aponeurotic layer is bounded anterioly and posteriorly by

Answer 2

Frontalis
Both bellies of Occipitalis

Question 3

In the aponeurotic layer, the aponeurotis is attached

Answer 3

Posteriorly to: external occipital protuberance and superior nuchal lines
Laterally: superior temporal lines and some fibers crossover the temporal facia to insert on the zygomatic arch
Anteriorly: frontalis. It doesn’t have a bony attachment

Question 4

What layer of the scalp allows for the movement of the skin, dense connective tissue and aponeurotic layer of the scalp?

Answer 4

Loose areolar tissue

Question 5

Aponeurotic layer is AKA

Answer 5

Epicranial aponeurosis or Galea aponeurotica

Question 6

Does the frontalis muscle have bony attachment, yes or no

Answer 6

No

Question 7

Boundaries of loose areolar tissue

Answer 7

Posterioly: highest and superior nuchal lines.
Laterally: superior temporal lines
Anteriorly: frontalis

Question 8

What is periosteum?
What is endooteum?

Answer 8

The fibrous CT membrane that lines the outer surface of bones
The CT that lines the inner membrane of bones

Question 9

The emissary veins drain the —— into the ——-

Answer 9

Extra-cranial veins into the intracranial venous sinus

Question 10

Clinical correlation of emissary veins

Answer 10

Extra cranial infections can be spread through the emissary veins to intracranial venous sinuses

Question 11

The parietal emissary veins pass through the parietal foramen to the ——- while the mastoid emissary vein pass through the mastoid foramen the ——

Answer 11

SSS-Superior Sagittal Sinus

Sigmoid sinus

Question 12

What is pericranium

Answer 12

A dense CT layer that forms the external periosteum of the neurocranium

Question 13

What does the pericranium attach to

Answer 13

Cranial suture
IT DOES NOT ATTACH TO THE CRANIUM

Question 14

What is known as the dangerous area of the scalp

Answer 14

Loose areolar tissue layer because it’s rich in emissary veins and this emissary veins allows for the easy diffusion of extracranial infections such as bacteria to spread to the meninges of the brain and the brain itself

Question 15

Lymphatic drainage of the scalp

Answer 15

Lymph
Anterior to the ear drains into the: preauricular and parotid gland lymph nodes
Posterior to the ear: posterior auricular, mastoid and occipital lymph nodes (mop)

Question 16

What are the arterial supplies to the scalp

Answer 16

Anterior to the auricle: 1) Supraorbital and 2) supratrochlear artery (which are both branches of the ophthalmic artery which is a branch of the internal carotid artery)
3) superior temporal artery which is a branch of external carotid artery.

Posterior to the auricle: posterior auricular and occipital artery (branches of the external carotid artery)

Bothe the internal and external carotid artery anastomose at the temple😎

Question 17

How many nerves innervates the scalp

Answer 17

10 (check slide for the orientation)

Question 18

Tinea capitis is AKA

Answer 18

RIngworm

Question 19

Pediculosis capitis is AKA

Answer 19

Head lice

Question 20

What causes pediculosis capitis

Answer 20

Pediculosis humanus capitis

Question 21

Pediculosis capitis mostly affects what part of the population?

Answer 21

School-aged children

Question 22

The occipital vein terminated where?

Answer 22

Suboccipital venous plexus