Development Of The Face Flashcards

1
Q

The face primordial appears when and where

A

Early in the 4th week and around the stomodeum

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2
Q

How may fascia primordial appear as prominences around the stomodeum; name them

A

5
> the single frontonasal prominence
> the paired maxillary prominences
> the paired mandibular prominences

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3
Q

The paired facial prominences are derivatives of

A

1st pharyngeal arch

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4
Q

The prominences are produced mainly by what

A

Proliferation of neural crest cells

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5
Q

The neural crest cells migrate from the —— and —— of the neural fold into the pharyngeal arches during what week

A

Mesencephalon
Rhombemceohalon
Fourth week

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6
Q

The —— which are two bilateral oval thickening in the surface of the ectoderm of the frontonasal prominence appear by why week

A

The nasal placodes, The end of 4th week

The nasal placode (or olfactory placode) gives rise to the olfactory epithelium of the nose. Two nasal placodes arise as thickened ectoderm from the frontonasal process. They give rise to the nose, the philtrum of the upper lip, and the primary palate.

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7
Q

Nasal placodes are primordial of what

A

The nose and nasal cavities

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8
Q

The shape of the nasal placodes are initially —— then later become ——

A

Convex
Stretched to produce a flat depression on each placodes

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9
Q

Mesenchymes in the margins of the placodes proliferate, producing a horse-shoe shaped elevations called

A

Medial and lateral nasal prominences

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10
Q

Afterwards, the nasal placodes lie in depression called

A

Nasal pits

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11
Q

The nasal placodes lie in the depression called

A

Nasal pits

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12
Q

These pits are the primordial of the what

A

Anterior nares (nostrils) and nasal cavity

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13
Q

What is the major source of the CT components including muscles, cartilages, bone and ligaments in the facial and oral regions

A

Mesenchymal cells

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14
Q

The frontonasal prominence is formed of 2 parts; name them

A

Frontal part: from the forehead
Nasal part: from therostral boundary of the stomodeum

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15
Q

The paired maxillary prominences forms what

A

Lateral boundaries of the stomodeum

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16
Q

The paired mandibular prominences constitute what

A

The caudal boundary of the primitive mouth

17
Q

When does the medial nasal prominence merge with each other and either the maxillary and lateral nasal prominence?

A

7th and 8th week

18
Q

Merging of the medial nasal and maxillary prominence im results in

A

Continuity of the upper jaw and upper lip stomodeum and separation of the nasal pits from the stomodeum

19
Q

What are the first parts to form the face and form

A

Lower jaw and the lower lips

20
Q

The formation of the lower jaw and lower lips are a result of

A

Merging of the medial ends of the mandibular prominences in the median plane

21
Q

Failure of the merging of medial ends of the mandibular prominence in the median plane causes what

A

Median cleft of the lower lip (very rare condition)

22
Q

Each lateral nasal prominence is separated from the maxillary prominence bt a cleft called

A

Nasolacrimal groove

23
Q

The nasolacrimal duct develops from where?

A

The rodlike thickening of ECTODERM in the floor of the nasolacrimal groove

24
Q

This thickening of ectoderm gives rise to a ——- that separates from the ectoderm and sinks into the mesenchyme

A

solid epithelial cord

25
Q

What forms the nasolacrimal duct?

A

Cell degeneration which causes the epithelial cord to canalize

26
Q

What causes oblique cleft lip

A
27
Q

What causes midline cleft lip

A

The failure of the medial nasal prominence and maxillary prominences to fuse