gross anatomy of heart and pericardial sac

Question 1

the normal volume of pericardial fluid within the pericardial cavity of an adult is about

Answer 1

30-60 mL

Question 2

what is the importance of the pericardial fluid?

Answer 2

important in reducing friction between the beating heart and the pericardial sac

Question 3

thoracic inlet

Answer 3

superior portion of mediastinum

Question 4

diaphragm

Answer 4

inferior portion of mediastinum

Question 5

lung

Answer 5

lateral portion of mediastinum

Question 6

sternum

Answer 6

anterior portion of mediastinum

Question 7

vertebral column

Answer 7

posterior portion of mediastinum

Question 8

the 4 chamber structure permits

Answer 8

• the separation of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood which is critical for meeting the o2 demands of tissues
• pressure differentials between circuits

Question 9

mixing of blood is devastating and can be seen when…

Answer 9

fetal shunts don’t close

Question 10

the inability to create or regulate pressure differentials is devastating and can be seen when ….

Answer 10

in heart failure

Question 11

functions of the pericardium (sac and fluid)

Answer 11

prevents heart from sticking

support during relaxation

Question 12

cardiac tamponade

Answer 12

too much fluid in the pericardial sac

approximately 50mL

Question 13

what would cause an increase in pericardial fluid within the pericardial cavity?

Answer 13

clogged lymph vessels

trauma