Gross Anatomy 5 - Anatomy of Space Occupying Lesions Flashcards
What effect does a space occupying lesion have on the intracranial pressure?
Causes it to rise
What are the 5 layers of the scalp?
Skin Connective tissue Aponeurosis Loose connective tissue Pericranium
Why do scalp lacerations and incisions often bleed excessively?
The scalp arteries form a rich anastomotic network just deep to the skin
What type of joints are sutures?
Fibrous joints
What is the purpose of sutures of the skull?
Prevent skull fractures from spreading
What does the common carotid artery branch into?
Internal and external carotid artery
Which artery branches to supply part of the scalp?
External carotid artery
Which artery does the ophthalmic artery branch from?
Internal carotid artery
What is the name of the H-shaped suture in the skull where the frontal, parietal, temporal and sphenoid bone come together?
Pterion
What is the thinnest part of the skull?
Pterion
What artery courses over the deep aspect of the pterion?
Middle meningeal artery
Which bone is the optic canal located in?
Sphenoid bone
What bones is the sigmoid sinus located between?
Temporal and occipital bones
What is the name of the median ridge of bone that projects from the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone?
Crista galli
What are the meninges?
Protective coverings for the brain and spinal cord
What are the 3 layers of meninges?
Dura mater
Arachnoid mater
Pia mater
What is the name of the space located between the arachnoid mater and pia mater?
Subarachnoid space
Describe the strength of the dura mater?
Tough/ fibrous
Sensory nerve supply to the dura mater?
CN V
Which of the meninges encloses the dural venous sinuses?
Dura mater
What makes up the arachnoid mater and what do these do?
Arachnoid granulations
Reabsorb CSF
What does the subarachnoid space contain?
Circulating CSF
Which of the meningeal layers is adherent to the brain and blood vessels and nerves entering or leaving the brain?
Pia mater
What is the dura mater adherent to?
The internal aspects of all of the bones of the skull
What is the name of the tough sheet of dura mater “tenting” over the cerebellum?
Tentorium cerebelli
Where does the tentorium cerebelli attach to?
The ridges of the petrous temporal bones
What is the purpose of the central gap in the tentorium cerebelli?
To permit the brainstem to pass through
What is the name of the tough sheet of dura mater forming a roof (diaphragm) over the pituitary fossa?
Diaphragm sellae
What is the name of the midline structure of dura mater?
Falx cerebri
What does the falx cerebri attach to anteriorly?
Crista galli of the ethmoid bone
What does the falx cerebri attach to superiorly?
Sagittal suture
What does the falx cerebri attach to posteriorly?
Internal occipital protruberance