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Drama > Greek comedy > Flashcards

Greek comedy Flashcards

1
Q

What is Aristotle’s definition of comedy? c

A

Imitation of the worst kind of man. Worse in the sense that ridiculous is a species of ugliness or badness

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2
Q

What does the ridiculous consist of? c

A

Form of error or ugliness that is not painful or injurious

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3
Q

What is the comic mask? c

A

Distorted and ugly because there is no pain

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4
Q

What type of mocking do they use in comedy? c

A

Imitate and mock bad people. Mark people they want to mark

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5
Q

What was comedy later developed from? c

A

Tragedy

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6
Q

When was comedy recognised as part of festivals? c

A

In about 487 BCE

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7
Q

What was the home of the comic contests? c

A

Lenaia

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8
Q

What did Aristotle say that comedy was developed out of? c

A

Improvisation is of the leaders of the phallic songs

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9
Q

Where were comic rituals performed? Phallic songs c

A

Fertility celebrations in which a cause of peasants, carrying an artificial phallus would sing and dance in procession through the town

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10
Q

What word does comedy come from and what does it mean? c

A

Comoedia meaning song

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11
Q

What did comedies always conclude with? c

A

Happy ending

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12
Q

How is man viewed in comedy versus tragedy? c

A

Man is ridiculous while in tragedy man is elevated

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13
Q

What would comedy is mock? c

A

Society. Actors might dress up as animals, ride on animals or carry animals as a representative of the time being lampooned

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14
Q

What did animals become a symbol of? c

A

Those they mock

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15
Q

What were plays of old comedy always like?

A

Always topical and were set in contemporary times

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16
Q

What where the plots? oc

A

Plus with fictional and not based on mythology as was the case with tragedy

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17
Q

What happened in comedy to do with normality? oc

A

The impossible or the improbable happened and normality was reversed

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18
Q

What was comedy working from? oc

A

The past and was relevant to audiences

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19
Q

What was mythology seen as? oc

A

Nonfictional

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20
Q

Comedies were inhibited. What does this mean? oc

A

Or aspects of sex worried explored. Lavatorial humour, insoles, jokes about physical handicaps, ugliness, poverty, family misfortune, perversions and incompetence

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21
Q

What type of humour was included in old comedy? oc

A

Crude and toilet/slapstick humour

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22
Q

What were the certain taboo is in comedy? oc

A

Jokes were not made about the plague, the Eleusinian mysteries and menstruation

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23
Q

Why were jokes not made about menstruation? oc

A

Linked to the fertility God being on it which was Dionysus. It was dissing the God of fertility

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24
Q

What happened to intellectuals and other poets during old comedy? oc

A

Caricatures were common in comedy. Frequently attacked or lampooned

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25
Q

How was comedy very physical in nature? oc

A

Visual gags and characterisation were paramount

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26
Q

What was the most important comedy playwright? oc

A

Aristophanes

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27
Q

What was Aristophanes work? oc

A

Clouds, Wasps, Birds, Lysistrata, Frogs, Peace

28
Q

When did middle comedy occur? mc

A

404 BC to 360 BC

29
Q

Who lost the Persian war? What happened? mc

A

Athens is lost the Persian war and the Macedonians overran Greece.

30
Q

Who lend the main wars against Greek states? mc

A

Alexander the great lend the main wars against the Greek states. He took over Greece

31
Q

What did the severe rulers not allow in middle comedy? mc

A

Did not allow playwrights the freedom to criticise political leaders

32
Q

Why will playwright not allowed to criticise political leaders? mc

A

When a country is conquered and a new rulers cannot allow descends from those it now rules

33
Q

What is theatre influence by? mc

A

Socio-political environment

34
Q

What did play rise have to move away from and what did it move to during middle comedy? mc

A

Moved away from social and political subjects and to mythology or domestic matters and day-to-day life in Athens

35
Q

What are safe plays? mc

A

Could no longer mock officials. It was now about entertainment value

36
Q

Why did the chorus become less important? mc

A

Less focus on the analysis of society and more on the entertainment value of pace

37
Q

When was new comedy? nc

A

360 BC onwards

38
Q

When did the form of new comedy become settled and fixed? nc

A

When Alexander the great conquered Greece

39
Q

What was the popularity of new comedy? nc

A

Very popular and hundreds of players are written

40
Q

What was the only play of new comedy that survive? nc

A

The Grouch

41
Q

Who was The Grouch written by? nc

A

Menander

42
Q

Why was Menander the most important playwright from this period? nc

A

Wrote more than 100 New Comedies

43
Q

What was the order of Greek Theatre nc

A

Religion, Tragedy, Comedy

44
Q

Place were not able to touch politics all social matters instead what did they focus on? nc

A

Doubt with relationships, finances and love among the Athenian middle classes

45
Q

What was the structure of new comedy based on? nc

A

Tragedy

46
Q

What was a prologue to follow by in new comedy? nc

A

Prologue was followed by a series of episodes separated by Choral passages also called interludes

47
Q

What was the purpose of coral passages?nc

A

Had very little to do with the plot of the play but was simply there to entertain. Tiny stories

48
Q

What comment theatrical were used? nc

A

Concealed or mistake in identity, coincidence and recognition

49
Q

What was the language of new comedy? nc

A

More colloquial than old comedies

50
Q

Where was the greater realism in new comedy? nc

A

Staging and characterisation

51
Q

What are the characters type as a new comedy? nc

A

Old man, young men, slaves, young woman and very are soldiers and parasites

52
Q

What did the stereotype characters in new comedy represented by? nc

A

Specific masks and costumes which were more realistic than in old comedy

53
Q

What did New Comedy have a great influence on?

A

Roman comic playwrights who adapted of many plays

54
Q

Where were the comic costumes adapted from?

A

Worn in everyday Greek life

55
Q

For theatrical purposes what happened to the chiton?

A

Too short/tight to emphasise comic nudity

56
Q

Who wore the phallus?

A

Male characters except the chorus

57
Q

What type of masks did they wear? comedy masks

A

Exaggerated features

58
Q

What were the rituals performed at?

A

Fertility celebrations

59
Q

When was the Aristophanes?

A

448 - 380 BCE

60
Q

During new comedy when were the male characters not allowed to wear a phallus?

A

During the chorus

61
Q

During which century did all performers wear masks?

A

5th century

62
Q

Who did not wear masks?

A

The flute players

63
Q

What were the masks made out of?

A

Perishable linen, cork, lightweight wood

64
Q

What did the mask cover and include?

A

The entire head and included appropriate hairstyle, beard and ornaments

65
Q

Why were masks necessary?

A
  1. Each actor played multiple roles
  2. All the actors were mail and sometimes they were female characters
  3. Range of age
  4. Range of character typed played
66
Q

What part of the mask was open and why?

A

The mouth. To facilitate the carrying sound, not necessarily exaggerated

Drama (13 decks)

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