Graphs , Acid Base And Spirometry Flashcards
What causes oxygen dissociation curve to shift right
High levels of co2
Lower ph
Reduced affinity
Dissociation curve to shift left
Increased affinity to oxygen
More readily unloads to tissue at lower ppo2
How does temp affect the curve
⬆️in temp will decrease affinity of hb
More unloading
Shifts right
Acid base equation
Co2 + h20 h2co3 h+ + hco3
How can acidosis be offset
blowing off CO2’, or the kidneys secrete more HCO3
What is resp acidosis and alkalosis caused by
Acidosis - increase in co2 hence increase in h+
Alkalosis - decrease co2 hence decrease in h+
What is type 1 resp failure
Low pa02 normal paco2 , pul oedoma alveoli fill with fluid
Type 2 resp failure is what
Low pao2 high paco2
Severe copd
What is hypoxia and hypercapnia
hypoxia - low blood oxygen levels in the tissues
hypercapnia - high co2 in the blood
Causes of hypoxia
Copd
Anemia
Pul oedema
Vq mismatch
Causes of hypercapnia
Encephalitis
Hypothermia
Obesity
Define fev1 and fvc
Fev volume of air that an individual can exhale during forced breath in a second
Fvc amount of air that can be forcibly exhaled from your lungs after the deepest breath possible
What is functional residual capacity
Air present after passive expiration
What is inspiration reserve volume
The amount of air a person can inhale forcefully after normal tidal volume inspiration
What does the flow volume curve show
Plot of inspiratory and expiratory flow against volume
During the performance of maximally forced inspiration
