Grant's Ch. 1 - Deep Muscles of the Back (P1) Flashcards
List the 8 deep muscles of the back.
1) Splenius capitis
2) Splenius cervicis
3) Spinalis
4) Longissimus
5) Iliocostalis
6) Semispinalis capitis
7) Semispinalis cervicis
8) Multifidus
List the medial attachments of the splenius capitis (HINT: there is a range of SPs and 1 single structure).
1) Ligamentum nuchae
2) SP C7-T4
List the 2 lateral attachments of the splenius capitis.
1) Mastoid process
2) Lateral 1/3 of the superior nuchal line
List the unilateral and bilateral actions of the splenius capitis.
Unilateral - laterally flexes and rotates head or neck to the same side
Bilateral - extends head and neck
What innervates the splenius capitis?
Posterior rami of middle cervical nerves
List the medial attachments of the splenius cervicis (HINT: it is just a range of SPs).
SP T3-T6
List the lateral attachments of the splenius cervicis (HINT: it is just a range of SPs).
TP C1-C3
List the unilateral and bilateral actions of the splenius cervicis (HINT: same as the splenius capitis).
Unilateral - laterally flexes and rotates head or neck to the same side
Bilateral - extends head and neck
What innervates the splenius cervicis (HINT: same as the splenius capitis)?
Posterior rami of middle cervical nerves
List the 4 medial attachments of the spinalis.
1) Median sacral crest
2) Posterior surface sacrum
3) SP L and lower T
4) Medial part of iliac crest
List the lateral attachments of the spinalis (NOTE: it’s nonspecific spinous processes).
SP of T and C
List the unilateral and bilateral actions of the spinalis.
Unilateral - laterally flexes VT to same side
Bilateral - extends VT and head & stabilizes VT
What innervates the spinalis?
Posterior rami of lower spinal nerves
List the 4 medial attachments of the longissimus (NOTE: same as the spinalis).
1) Median sacral crest
2) Posterior surface sacrum
3) SP L and lower T
4) Medial part of iliac crest
List the 3 lateral attachments of the longissimus (NOTE: there is a nonspecific range of TPs).
1) Between tubercles and angles of ribs
2) TP of T and C
3) Mastoid process
List the unilateral and bilateral actions of the longissimus (NOTE: same as spinalis).
Unilateral - laterally flexes VT to same side
Bilateral - extends VT and head & stabilizes VT
What innervates the longissimus (NOTE: same as spinalis)?
Posterior rami of lower cervical nerves
List the 4 medial attachments of the iliocostalis (NOTE: same as spinalis and longissimus).
1) Median sacral crest
2) Posterior surface sacrum
3) SP L and lower T
4) Medial part of iliac crest
List the 2 lateral attachments of the iliocostalis (NOTE: there is a nonspecific range of TPs).
1) Angles of lower ribs
2) TP of C
List the unilateral and bilateral actions of the iliocostalis (NOTE: same as spinalis and longissimus).
Unilateral - laterally flexes VT to same side
Bilateral - extends VT and head & stabilizes VT
What innervates the iliocostalis (NOTE: same as spinalis and longissimus)?
Posterior rami of lower cervical nerves
List the 2 medial attachments of the semispinalis capitis (NOTE: a range of TPs and a range of APs).
1) TP C7-T6/T7
2) AP C4-C6
List the lateral attachment of the semispinalis capitis.
Between superior and inferior nuchal lines of occipital bone medially
List the unilateral and bilateral actions of the semispinalis capitis.
Unilateral - extends and laterally rotates head to opposite side
Bilateral - extends head
What innervates the semispinalis capitis?
Posterior rami of spinal nerves
List the medial attachments of the semispinalis cervicis (NOTE: a range of TPs).
TP T1-T5/T6
List the lateral attachments of the semispinalis cervicis (NOTE: a range of SPs).
SP C2-C5
List the unilateral and bilateral actions of the semispinalis cervicis (NOTE: same actions as semispinalis capitis but with different body part).
Unilateral - extends and laterally rotates neck to opposite side
Bilateral - extends neck
What innervates the semispinalis cervicis (NOTE: same as semispinalis capitis)?
Posterior rami of spinal nerve
List the 4 medial attachments of the multifidus (NOTE: 2 bones, a range of TPs, and a range of APs).
1) Sacrum
2) Ilium
3) TP T1-L5
4) AP C4-C7
List the lateral attachments of the multifidus (NOTE: a range of SPs but reversed).
SP L5-C2
List the 2 actions of the multifidus (NOTE: involving the vertebral column).
Extend AND rotate VT to opposite side
What innervates the multifidus (NOTE: same as semispinalis cervicis and semispinalis capitis)?
Posterior rami of spinal nerves
