Granded Dose and Quantal Dose Response

Question 1

Physicochemical properties of the drug including;

Answer 1

rate of dissolution and lipid solubility

Question 2

Blood flow through the _________

Answer 2

site of absorption

Question 3

if the entire administered drug dose is absorbed, there is still no assurance to obtain a maximal response because of the following factors;

Answer 3

1. the extent and rate of distribution
2. the non-specific binding of the drug with tissue and plasma proteins
3. the biotransformation or metabolism of drug in tissues and plasma
4. the initial drug effect on the effector system
5. the local and systematic contra-regulation of the response

Question 4

it means that the intensity or drug effect can increases as the drug dose is increased

Answer 4

graded dose-response

Question 5

is required before a drug can produce an observable effect

Answer 5

threshold dose

Question 6

is related to the drug dose administered, it is the drug molecules in the biophase

Answer 6

response

Question 7

are responsible for induction of drug effect

Answer 7

biophase

Question 8

the elicited response could be measure in continuous scale.

Answer 8

graded dose

Question 9

the rate of response of a single biological unit increases with increasing dose of the drug.

Answer 9

graded dose

Question 10

cannot be considered graded

Answer 10

pharmacological responses

Question 11

all-or-none response, an individual unit of a biological system responds to a drug dose either maximally or not at all.

Answer 11

quantal response

Question 12

the smallest dose at which death occurs

Answer 12

threshold dose or minimal lethal of effective dose

Question 13

the differences in the susceptibility to chemicals among individuals

Answer 13

biologic variation

Question 14

Before a drug can be marketed for use in clinical therapeutics, it has to pass a long series of pre-clinical and clinical test for safety and efficacy. What are the two factors to consider during the drug test?

Answer 14

✓ effective dose (ED)
✓ lethal dose (LD) or toxic dose (TD)

Question 15

the term lethal dose may also be used to refer to any unwanted effects other then death

Answer 15

misnomer