Gram Positive

Question 1

gram +ve cocci

Answer 1

staphylococcus
streptococcus
enterococci

Question 2

gram +ve bacilli

Answer 2

listeria
clostridiodes
corynebacterium

Question 3

streptococci features

Answer 3

catalase +ve
nutritional fastidious
facultative anaerobes

Question 4

how are streptococci classified?

Answer 4

haemolysis

Question 5

colour of beta haemolysis

Answer 5

yellow, complete

Question 6

colour of alpha haemolysis

Answer 6

green, partial

Question 7

colour of gamma haemolysis

Answer 7

none

Question 8

naming system of streptococci?

Answer 8

Lancefield group

Question 9

what can strep. bovis cause?

Answer 9

endocarditis and polyps (gallocyticus)

Question 10

potential mechanisms for antibiotic resistance

Answer 10

active efflux
target replication
decreased permeability
altered receptor target

Question 11

what can some enterococci be resistant to?

Answer 11

penicillin
cephalosporins
aminoglycosides

Question 12

antibiotics of choice for enterococci?

Answer 12

amoxicillin

Question 13

what to use for enterococci if resistant to amoxicillin?

Answer 13

vancomycin

Question 14

what to use for enterococci if resistant to vancomycin?

Answer 14

linezoid
daptomycin
tigecycline
quinupristine/dalfopristin

Question 15

examples of enterococci

Answer 15

E. faecalis (most common)

E. faecium

Question 16

why are gram positives easier to treat with antibiotics?

Answer 16

lack a second plasma membrane