Antibiotics Flashcards
4D’s of antimicrobial therapy
drug
dose
duration
de-escalation
what does metronidazole cover?
anaerobes
what does gentamicin cover?
gram -ve
what does amoxicillin cover?
broad spectrum
4C’s
cephalosporins
clindamycin
co-amoxiclav (amxocillins in general)
ciprofloxacin (quinolones)
what is negative about the 4C’s?
broad spectrum agents that increase risk of C. diff
risk of C. diff in antibiotics outwith the 4 C’s?
lower risk, not no risk
recommendations in antibiotic prescribing
short intervals
narrowest antibiotics
jabs > tabs
benefits of changing antibiotic preparation from IV to oral?
reduced hospital stay
less chance of infection at site
less time on preparation
patient happier
what licenses antibiotics?
EMA/MHRA
then reviewed by Scottish medicine consortium
general side effects of antibiotics
nausea vomiting diarrhoea rashes candida
side effects of penicillin’s
hypersensitivity
skin reactions
side effects of flucloxacillin and co-amoxiclav
cholestatic jaundice
side effects of macrolides
GI
hepatitis
QT interval
side effects of aminoglycosides/ glycopeptides
nephrotoxicity
ototoxicity
which antibiotic needs monitoring?
gentamicin