grade 12 chem chap 2 Flashcards
polyethene
is used in plastic bags and bottles and toys
polytetrafluoroethene
Is teflon very nonreactive and used to coat nonstick pans
polypropene
is used to make rope carpet toys packaging film some yogurt containers caps medicine bottles and straws the methyl groups give the polymer added strength
Polystyrene
Is made from styrene (vinyl benzene) is used to make insulation, food/beverage containers called styrofoam when air is injected dvd cases disposable cutlery
Polyvinyl chloride
Is a polymer of chloroethene and is used tomake pipes floor tiles clothing as waterproof coating and reusable bags
what is a polyester vs a polyamide
What is the difference between Polyester and Polyamide? In polyesters, ester functional group is present whereas in polyamides, amide functional group is present. The monomer of polyester should have a carboxylic group and a hydroxyl group, whereas polyamide monomer should have a carboxylic group and an amine group.
what numbers can we recycle
1 and #2
what are the three things glucose can be converted into
cellulose starch and glycogen
cellulose
we cant digest lack the enzymes essential for breaking the beta-acetyl linkages. The undigested cellulose acts as fibre that aids in the functioning of the intestinal tract.
starch
we can digest it is present in potatoes rice bread and pasta
glycogen
branchedd and storees energy in animal cells excess carbs are stored as this
hydrophyllic vs hydrophobic
phobic water hating (nonpolar) and phyllic water loving (polar)
what is the monomer of carbohydrates
glucose
what is the primary structure of a protein
The linear sequence of amino acids within a protein is considered the primary structure
what is the monomer of dna
nucleotides
what is a nucleotide made of
a five carbon sugar a nitrogenous base and phosphate group
what is the difference copolymer and homopolymer
he main difference between homopolymer and copolymer is that homopolymers are produced by using a single type of monomer, whereas copolymers are formed by using two different types of monomers.
what is the monomer of a protein
an amino acid
how are proteins formed and what is this linkage called
they are formed from a condensation reaction and it is called a peptide bond (two amino acids dipeptide)
plasticisers
can be added to increase flexibility
phthalate
linked to neg health effects which is widely used
cross linking
when covalent bonds form between polymer chains to form networks
cross linking
when covalent bonds form between polymer chains to form networks making the polymer more ridgid and inflexible they will not soften at high temperatures and are called thermoset polymers
vulcanization
involves sulfer to sulfer crosslinks to make a tougher rubber used in tires
what are condensation polymers
result of a condensation reaction removal of h2o either an ester or amide linkage
nylon
is a polyamide ccopolymer and is used in clothing ropes nets and tents
when naming amide linkages what do the two numbers mean in order
the first number is the length of the amine and the carboxylic acid number is the length of the carboxylic acid
