Government Unit 2

Question 0

Thomas Hobbes

Answer 0

English Philosopher; Wrote “Leviathan” in which he discussed the need for and purpose of government; supported absolute monarchy

Question 1

Ideas of John Locke and influence on government creation

Answer 1

All men are created equal; All men are born with Natural Rights; Life in state of nature is hard; People give up Natural Rights and form a government to protect rights; Government should carry out will of the people; People have the right to overthrow gov. and create a new one; Representative Democracy; Wrote Two Treatise on Civil Government

Question 2

Jean-Jacques Rousseau

Answer 2

Wrote the Social Contract Theory; Agrees with Locke on most ideas; Believes direct democracy is best form of government; Private property is root of all social problems; Governement should protect equality of opportunity

Question 3

Montesquieu

Answer 3

Wrote book called The Spirit of the Laws; Proposed checks and balances; Proposed separation of powers - 3 branches

Question 4

Manga Carta

Answer 4

Written in 1215 by British Nobles; Purpose was to limit the power of the king and protect rights of the nobles; Supported limited government, rule of law, and government process

Question 5

English Bill of Rights

Answer 5

Written in 1689 by English Parliament; Purpose was to expand rights of Parliament and people while limiting the king’s power; Big ideas included free elections to Parliament, right to bear arms, right to petition the gov., and right to a fair trial; limited government; rule of law

Question 6

Examples of British taxation

Answer 6

Stamp Act, Declaratory Act, Townsend Revenue Act

Question 7

Violation of American Rights

Answer 7

Right to fair and speedy trial; Search and seizure; Unfair taxing; Taxation without representation; Quartering Acts (troops living in colonists houses)

Question 8

Author of DOI

Answer 8

Thomas Jefferson

Question 9

Influence of Locke on DOI

Answer 9

Natural Rights

Question 10

First government of U.S.

Answer 10

The Articles of Confederation

Question 11

Structure of Articles of Confederation

Answer 11

Confederation (independent states with limited central government); Legislative branch only; eahx state had 1 vote no matter size or population; delegates appointed and paid by state legislatures

Question 12

Powers of national government in Articles of Confederation

Answer 12

Only has legislative branch (unicameral - just congress

Question 13

Problems with the A.O.C.

Answer 13

No power to tax, no power to regulate trade, no executive branch to enforce laws, laws needed 9/13 majority to pass, 13/13 states to amend document, no national court system

Question 14

Location of Constitutional Convention

Answer 14

Philadelphia Pennsylvania

Question 15

Article I

Answer 15

Legislative branch

Question 16

Article 2

Answer 16

Executive branch

Question 17

Article 3

Answer 17

Judicial branch

Question 18

Article 4

Answer 18

Relations between the states

Question 19

Article 5

Answer 19

Amendment process

Question 20

Article 6

Answer 20

National supremacy, etc.

Question 21

Article 7

Answer 21

Ratification process

Question 22

Rule of law

Answer 22

Government and it’s officials are bound by the same rules and laws of the people and must follow the law

Question 23

Eminent domain

Answer 23

right for government to take private land for public use

Question 24

Judicial precedent

Answer 24

decision of the court used as a source for future decision making

Question 25

Federalism

Answer 25

system of government where powers are divided between national government & several state governments; delegated powers are granted by national government; reserved powers granted by states