Government Unit 2 Flashcards

0
Q

Thomas Hobbes

A

English Philosopher; Wrote “Leviathan” in which he discussed the need for and purpose of government; supported absolute monarchy

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1
Q

Ideas of John Locke and influence on government creation

A

All men are created equal; All men are born with Natural Rights; Life in state of nature is hard; People give up Natural Rights and form a government to protect rights; Government should carry out will of the people; People have the right to overthrow gov. and create a new one; Representative Democracy; Wrote Two Treatise on Civil Government

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2
Q

Jean-Jacques Rousseau

A

Wrote the Social Contract Theory; Agrees with Locke on most ideas; Believes direct democracy is best form of government; Private property is root of all social problems; Governement should protect equality of opportunity

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3
Q

Montesquieu

A

Wrote book called The Spirit of the Laws; Proposed checks and balances; Proposed separation of powers - 3 branches

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4
Q

Manga Carta

A

Written in 1215 by British Nobles; Purpose was to limit the power of the king and protect rights of the nobles; Supported limited government, rule of law, and government process

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5
Q

English Bill of Rights

A

Written in 1689 by English Parliament; Purpose was to expand rights of Parliament and people while limiting the king’s power; Big ideas included free elections to Parliament, right to bear arms, right to petition the gov., and right to a fair trial; limited government; rule of law

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6
Q

Examples of British taxation

A

Stamp Act, Declaratory Act, Townsend Revenue Act

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7
Q

Violation of American Rights

A

Right to fair and speedy trial; Search and seizure; Unfair taxing; Taxation without representation; Quartering Acts (troops living in colonists houses)

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8
Q

Author of DOI

A

Thomas Jefferson

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9
Q

Influence of Locke on DOI

A

Natural Rights

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10
Q

First government of U.S.

A

The Articles of Confederation

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11
Q

Structure of Articles of Confederation

A

Confederation (independent states with limited central government); Legislative branch only; eahx state had 1 vote no matter size or population; delegates appointed and paid by state legislatures

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12
Q

Powers of national government in Articles of Confederation

A

Only has legislative branch (unicameral - just congress

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13
Q

Problems with the A.O.C.

A

No power to tax, no power to regulate trade, no executive branch to enforce laws, laws needed 9/13 majority to pass, 13/13 states to amend document, no national court system

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14
Q

Location of Constitutional Convention

A

Philadelphia Pennsylvania

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15
Q

Article I

A

Legislative branch

16
Q

Article 2

A

Executive branch

17
Q

Article 3

A

Judicial branch

18
Q

Article 4

A

Relations between the states

19
Q

Article 5

A

Amendment process

20
Q

Article 6

A

National supremacy, etc.

21
Q

Article 7

A

Ratification process

22
Q

Rule of law

A

Government and it’s officials are bound by the same rules and laws of the people and must follow the law

23
Q

Eminent domain

A

right for government to take private land for public use

24
Q

Judicial precedent

A

decision of the court used as a source for future decision making

25
Q

Federalism

A

system of government where powers are divided between national government & several state governments; delegated powers are granted by national government; reserved powers granted by states