Gordon Allport Flashcards
What are the Major Assumptions of the Trait Perspective
1.)Emphasis on individual differences that are stable across time and cirumstances 2.) emphasis on measurement of traits often by questionaire
What is a Trait
the basic unit of study for personality. It is enduring way of reacting to ones environment
How is Gordon Allport Different than Frued
Allport believed that personality was not dominated by the unconscious We are not persons of childhood conflicts one should study healthy people instead of young neurotic women.
Traits (5 characteristics)
- Exist in each of us
- Determine or cause behavior
- can be demonstrated empirically
- interrelated
- very with situation
Cardinal Trait
A trait that is outstanding in the life of that person very rare historical references are often used to describe this person
Central Trait
a trait used to describe someone
often use 3-10 traits
Secondary Traits
situationally determined things
things like food preferences
What are the two level of Functional autonomy
- Preservative
- Propriate
Define Preservative Autonmy
primitive motivation that helps one gain self awareness
Define Propriate autonomy
Higher level of motivation that helps one gain self awareness
What are the 6 characteristics of a mature personality
- extrusions of sense of self
- Warm relating to others
- Emotional security and self acceptance
- realisitc perception skills
- self objectification
- unifying philosophy of life
Define Extrusion of the sense of self
Extend to outside activities
Define Warm relating to others
- love/intimacy towards
- others avoiding gossip/pressure
Define self objectification
mature people have a good picture of their strenghts and weaknessess
Define unifying philosophy of life
Mature people have a clear sense of who they want to be
What are the 6 values types according to Allport
- Theoretical
- Economic
- Esthetic
- Social
- political
- religous
Define the Theoretical Value type
Discovery of truth empirical logical rational people love to reason
Define the Economic Value type
What is useful is what is important fits stereotype of successful businessman may clash with other peoples values
The social
Emphasis on love of people friendly kind unselfish
The political
seek power influence and fame
The religious
unite to realte to others and a higher power.
What are the 8 stages of Propieum or self development
0.) Early infancy
- Bodily Sense
- Self identity
- Ego Enhancement
- Ego extension
- self image
- rational Agent
- propriate String
- The knower
Define the Early infancy stage of self development
There is no sense of self
Define the Bodily sense stage of self development
sensations from the body are experienced foundation of selfhood
Define the Self identity stage of development
contnuity of self due to the formation of memory also aided by language skills gender identity occures at this time importance of our name
Ego Enhancement
Pride in ones pursuits and accomplishments
Ego extensions
Ego centric component of personality
Define the self image stage of self development
Child becomes aware that people have expectations of it
Define the rational agent stage of self development
ability to use logic to solve problems similar to the concept of the ego
Define the propriate string stage of self development
continued development of self image renewed sense of selfidentity setting long range realistic goals
Define the Knower stage of self development
integrations of previous seven stages.
