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Gastroenterology > GORD & Ulcers > Flashcards

GORD & Ulcers Flashcards

1
Q

What are red flags to assess for ulcers or malignancyt

A 
Dysphasia (2 week wait)
>55
Weight loss
Reflux/upper abdo pain
Treatment resistant dyspepsia
Nausea and vomit
Low Hb
Raised platelets
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2
Q

What are non medical management for GOR?

A 
Reduce caffeine
Weight loss
Stop smoking
Small ,light meals
Upright after eating
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3
Q

What is medical management of GOR?

A

Antacids- Gaviscon or Rennie
PPI- Omeprazole, Lasoprazole
H2 receptor antagonist- Ranitidine

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4
Q

What is surgical procedure in GOR?

A

Laparoscopic fundoplication

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5
Q

How long must you be off PPIs to test for H pylori?

A

2 weeks

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6
Q

How does H pylori cause disease?

A

Burrows in breaking up epithelial protection

Produces ammonia

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7
Q

How is H pylori tested for?

A

Urea breath test
Stool antigen test
Rapid urea test (CLO test) during endoscopy

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8
Q

How is H pylori managed?

A

Triple therapy for 7 days then urea breath test to check clearance
PPI
Amox
Clarithro

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9
Q

What is Barrett’s Oesophagus?

A

Squamous cell metaplasia- premalignant

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10
Q

Does Barretts Oesophagus improve or worsen symptoms?

A

improve

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11
Q

How is Barrett’s Oesophagus managed?

A

PPIs

Aspirin

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12
Q

What is done in high grade dypsplasia in Barretts?

A

Ablation on endoscopy

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13
Q

What are causes of increased acid

A 
Alcohol
Spicy food
Stress
Smoking
Caffeine
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14
Q

What medications increae risk of ulcers?

A

NSAIDs

Steroids

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15
Q

How do gastric ulcers present?

A 
Epigastric pain
N and Vomit
Dyspepsia
Haematemesis
Melaena
Fe deficient anaemia
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16
Q

What is the difference between gastric and duodenal ulcers?

A

Gastric are worsened by eating

Duodenal are improved by eating

17
Q

How do you investigate ulcers?

A

Endoscopy and CLO test

18
Q

How do you treat ulcers?

A

PPIs

19
Q

What are complications of ulcers?

A

Perforation
Scarring and stricture
Pyloric stenosis
Distention

20
Q

What is the scoring used for upper GI bleeds?

A

Blatchford Glasgow scale

21
Q

What is the Rockall Score used for?

A

Rebleeding risk in those who have had endoscopy and mortality

22
Q

What should you always do for patients with Upper GI bleeds?

A

Get a group and save so units of blood ready to go in case

Gastroenterology (17 decks)

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