Goals and Plans

Question 1

Goals vs Plans

Answer 1

Goals:
- desired results or objectives of an organization

Plans:
- steps or actions required to achieve goals

Question 2

Steps of the Planning Process

Answer 2

1. Set Mission/Vision: top managers, 5-10 years
2. Set strategic goals/plans: top/middle managers, 3-5 years
3. Set operations goals/plans: middle/lower, annually/quarterly
4. Monitor: all levels, ongoing

Question 3

Organizational Goals and Plans

Answer 3

• Ongoing Goals and Plans: guide continuing activities aligned with the basic purpose of the organization
• Change-Oriented Goals and Plans: new initiatives and changes to be made in an organization’s practixe

Question 4

Mission Statement vs Vision Statement

Answer 4

• Mission: fundamental purpose of the organization, state the ideas of the organization
• Vision: describe what the organization wants to become, guides employees and goals to be achieved in the future

Question 5

Mainstream Approach to Goals and Plans

Answer 5

• 1. Develop Organization’s Overarching Mission and Vision
• 2. Develop Strategic Goals and Plans
• attract stakeholders in order to be advantageous over competition
• 3. Develop Operational Goals and Plans
• set by lower level managers, less than one year period
• 4. Implement and Monitor Goals and Plans
• Stretch Goals (Jack Welch) - difficult goals that require outside of the box thinking to achieve

Characterized by SMART1 (Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Results-based and Time-Specific)

Question 6

Standardization and Standing Plans

Answer 6

• Standardization: developing uniform practices for employees to follow in their jobs
• Standing Plans: guidance for activities that are done repeatedly
• Standard Operating Procedure: specific steps for doing certain tasks
• Policies: guidelines for decision making and taking action in situations
• Rules and Regulation: prescribed patterns of behavior in everyday work tasks

Question 7

Multistream Approach to Goals and Plans

Answer 7

• emphasize how managers and other stakeholders carry out the steps
• concerned with wellbeing of stakeholders and sustenance economics
• considers aspects of life difficult to measure such as ecological wellbeing and social justice

Question 8

Multistream Approach to Goals and Plans (Steps)

Answer 8

• 1. Develop the Organization’s Overarching Mission and Vision
     - involves variety of stakeholders in developing mission and vision
     
     2. Develop Strategic Goals and Plans
        
        • economic and regular opportunities to improve environment
        • sensitive to strategies from practice than formal planning
        • considers sustenance economics and stakeholder participation
     3. Develop Operational Goals/Plans
        
        • SMART2 (Significant, Meaningful, Agreed-Upon, Relevant, Timely)
     4. Implement and Monitor Goals and Plans
        
        • revisions, unexpected events and danger of goal displacement are considered