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Iman's Vocabulary > GMAT- my words - 1 > Flashcards

GMAT- my words - 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Supersede

ˌsuːpəˈsiːd

A

if a new idea, product, or method supersedes another one, it becomes used instead because it is more modern or effective
SYN: Replace

Their map has since been superseded by photographic atlases.

جایگزین شدن

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2
Q

Throughout

A

during all of a particular period, from the beginning to the end

We are open every weekend throughout the year.

در تمام طول زمان

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3
Q

Enlisted as/in

ɪnˈlɪsted

A

to join the army, navy etc

At the outbreak of war, he was enlisted in the army.

با شروع جنگ به خدمت سربازی درآمد

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4
Q

n.

Stint (in/at)

stɪnt

A

a period of time spent doing a particular job or activity

Mark did a two-year stint in the army.

مارک یک دوره دو ساله در ارتش انجام داد.
Stunt means to limit growth
Stint is to limit supply

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5
Q

Regurgitate

rɪˈgɜːrdʒɪəteɪt

A

to repeat facts, ideas etc that you have read or heard without thinking about them yourself – used to show disapproval

tries to get student to think critically, not just regurgitate facts.

بلغور کردن

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6
Q

Reversal of

rɪˈvɜːrsəl

A

a change to an opposite arrangement, process, or way of doing something➔ turnaround

a sudden reversal of government policy

چرخش ۱۸۰ درجه ای مثلا

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7
Q

Encompass

ɪnˈkʌmpəs

Formal

A

to include a wide range of ideas, subjects, etc

در برگرفتن

The study encompasses the social, political, and economic aspects of the situation.

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8
Q

Tedious

ˈtiːdiəs

A

Boring

خسته کننده

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9
Q

Pursuit

pərˈsuːt

A

when someone tries to get, achieve, or find something in a determined way

in pursuit of liberty and happiness

به دنبال آزادی و خوشبختی

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10
Q

Interdiction

ˈɪntərdɪkʃən

A

an official order from a court telling someone not to do something
SYN: Prohibition

The interdiction of the slave trade

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11
Q

Unilateral

ˌjuːnɪəˈlætərəl◂

A

a unilateral action or decision is done by only one of the groups involved in a situation➔ bilateral, multilateral

a unilateral declaration of independence

یکجانبه
جالبه که a استفاده میشه نه an

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12
Q

Obedience

əˈbiːdiəns

A

when someone does what they are told to do, or what a law, rule etc says they must do
OPP: Disobedience

مطیع

obedience to God, He lived in obedience to the church’s teachings.

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13
Q

Absolutism

ˈæbsəluːtɪzəm

A

a political system in which a ruler has complete power and authority

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14
Q

Constitutionalism

ˌkɑːnstɪəˈtuːʃənəlɪzəm

A

The belief that a government should be based on a constitution

حکومت مشروطه

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15
Q

Tyranny

ˈtɪrəni

A

cruel or unfair control over other people

“Wherever law ends, tyranny begins.” , John Locke

هر کجا قانون پایان یابد، استبداد آغاز می شود

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16
Q

Grid

grɪd

Electrical

A

the network of electricity supply wires that connects power stations and provides electricity to buildings in an area

the National Grid

شبکه سیم های تامین برق که نیروگاه ها را به هم متصل می کند و برق ساختمان ها را در یک منطقه تامین می کند

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17
Q

In part

A

In some degree, not compeletely
SYN: Partly

His reluctance to help could, in part, be explained by his poor eyesight

تا حدودی

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18
Q

v.

Staggering

ˈstægərɪŋ

A

SYN: Amazing

The financial impact on the town was staggering.

تاثیرات مالی بر شهر خیره کننده بود.
سرسام آور هم میشه معنی کرد.

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19
Q

Unprecedented

ʌnˈpresɪədentɪəd

A

بی سابقه

  • He took the unprecedented step of stating that the rumours were false.
  • Crime has increased on an unprecedented scale.
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20
Q

Mutualism

Mutualezem

A

همزیستی

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21
Q

Pollinate

ˈpɒ:lɪəneɪt

A

to give a flower or plant pollen so that it can produce seeds

flowers pollinated by bees

گرده افشانی

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22
Q

Circadian

sɜːrˈkeɪdiən

A

relating to a period of 24 hours, used especially when talking about changes in people’s bodies

the body’s circadian rhythm

ریتم شبانه روزی

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23
Q

Cite

saɪt

Formal

A

to mention something as an example, especially one that supports, proves, or explains an idea or situation

استناد

ذکر چیزی به عنوان مثال، به ویژه موردی که ایده یا موقعیتی را پشتیبانی، اثبات یا توضیح می دهد

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24
Q

Vivid

ˈvɪvɪəd

A

vivid memories, dreams, descriptions etc are so clear that they seem real
OPP: Vague

I’ve got vivid memories of that summer.

واضح

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25
Q

Unwavering

ʌnˈweɪvərɪŋ

A

an unwavering attitude, belief, expression etc does not change

unwavering support

بی دریغ - تزلزل ناپذیر

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26
Q

Anthropomorphism

ˌænθrəpəˈmɔːrfɪzəm

A

the belief that animals or objects have the same feelings and qualities as humans

تصور شخصیت انسانی برای چیزی

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27
Q

Frown on/upon

frown

A

to disapprove of someone or something, especially someone’s behaviour

Even though divorce is legal, it is still frowned upon.

مورد انتقاد است. مضمون، ترش رویی

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28
Q

Ambivalent

æmˈbɪvələnt

A
  • not sure whether you want or like something or not
  • Mixed feelings or conflicting idea

O’Neill had a genuine ambivalence toward US involvement in the war.

دوگانگی، ابهام

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29
Q

Adj.

Enthusiastic

ɪnˌθuːziˈæstɪk◂

A

feeling or showing a lot of interest and excitement about something

All the staff are enthusiastic about the project.

مشتاق، علاقه مند

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30
Q

Enthusiastic

ɪnˌθuːziˈæstɪk◂

A

feeling or showing a lot of interest and excitement about something

All the staff are enthusiastic about the project.

مشتاق

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31
Q

Skeptical

ˈskeptɪkəl

A

tending to disagree with what other people tell you
SYN: Doubtful

I’m extremely sceptical about what I read in the press.

مشکوک - تردید داشتن

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32
Q

Unimpeded

ˌʌnɪmˈpiːdɪəd◂

A

happening or moving without being stopped or having difficulty

بدون مانع

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33
Q

Groundbreaking

ˈgraʊndˌbreɪkɪŋ

A

groundbreaking work involves making new discoveries, using new methods etc

groundbreaking research

پیشگامانه

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34
Q

Stunned

stʌnd

A

too surprised or shocked to speak

The audience sat in stunned silence.

حیرت آور

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35
Q

Scripture

ˈskrɪptʃər

A

the holy books of a particular religion

کتاب مقدس

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36
Q

adj.

Lay

leɪ

A

not trained or not knowing much about a particular profession or subject

lay people مردم عادی

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37
Q

Adj.

Abrupt

əˈbrʌpt

A

sudden and unexpected

an abrupt change of plan

تغییر ناگهانی

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38
Q

Punctuate

ˈpʌŋktʃueɪt

A

to be interrupted by something, especially when this is repeated

The silence was occasionally punctuated by laughter.

منقطع شدن

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39
Q

n.

Proliferation

prəˌlɪfəˈreɪʃən

A

a sudden increase in the amount or number of something

the proliferation of global media networks

گسترش

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40
Q

v.

Undergo

ˌʌndərˈgoʊ

A

if you undergo a change, an unpleasant experience etc, it happens to you or is done to you

The country has undergone massive changes recently.

متحمل شدن

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41
Q

Undertaken by

ˌʌndəˈteɪken

Formal

A

انجام شده است

The studies were undertaken by people working in education.

این مطالعات توسط افراد شاغل در آموزش انجام شد.
عهده دار شدن، بعهده گرفتن، تقبل کردن، قول دادن، متعهد شدن، تعهد کردن، متقبل شدن

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42
Q

Materialized

məˈtɪəriəlaɪz

A

to happen or appear in the way that you expected
happen, occur

The money we had been promised failed to materialize.

جامه عمل بخود پوشیدن، مادی کردن، صورت خارجی بخود گرفتن

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43
Q

adv.

Posthumously

ˈpɑːstʃəməsli

A

پس از مرگ

He was posthumously awarded the Military Cross.

Mnemonic: Post + Hum(ys)an

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44
Q

n.

Protagonist

proʊˈtægənɪəst

Formal

A
  • the most important character in a play, film, or story
    SYN: Main character
  • one of the most important supporters of a social or political idea

پیش کسوت - سردمدار

a protagonist of educational reform

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45
Q

v.

Accentuate

əkˈsentʃueɪt

A

to make something more noticeable
highlights, emphasizes

The photograph seemed to accentuate his large nose.

تاکید کردن، اهمیت دادن، برجسته نمودن
Mnemonic: Accent + up : i.e, to say with a strong accent, put emphasis on something.

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46
Q

Slutry

ˈsʌltri

A

seductive, atractive

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47
Q

Anguish

ˈæŋgwɪʃ

A

distress, pain, misery

عذاب، غم و اندوه، اضطراب، جفا، سینه سوزی، غرامت، دل تنگی، دلتنگ کردن، غمگین شدن، نگران شدن، نگران کردن

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48
Q

Adj.

Palpable

ˈpælpəbəl

Formal

A

obvious, apparent, clear
OPP: Impalpable

قابل لمس

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49
Q

Reputable

ˈrepjʊətəbəl

A

respected, trusted, reliable

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50
Q

Physiologists

ˌfɪziˈɒ:lədʒists

A

people who study how the body works

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51
Q

Basal

beisel

A

basic, lowest, minimal

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52
Q

Expenditure

ɪkˈspendɪtʃər

A
  • spending, utilization
  • income
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53
Q

Physiological

A

having to do with the body, biological

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54
Q

Compensatory

kəmˈpen-səˌtɔːri

Formal

A

compensating, offsetting

جبران کننده

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55
Q

Phenomenon

fɪˈnɑːmɪənɑːnən

A

occurrence, miracle

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56
Q

Sustenance

ˈsʌstənəns

Formal

A
  1. food, nutrition
  2. when something is made to continue

  • Potatoes were their only means of sustenance.
    سیب زمینی تنها خوراک آنها بود
  • Elections are necessary for the sustenance of democracy.
    انتخابات برای حفظ دموکراسی حیاتی است.
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57
Q

Foraging

ˈfɒ:rɪdʒ

A

hunting, searching, seeking

جست و جو، شکار

People are being forced to forage for food and fuel.
مردم مجبور شده اند به جست و جوی غذا و سوخت بروند

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58
Q

Predation

prɪˈdeɪʃən

A

Killing by predators

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59
Q

Induce

ɪnˈduːs

A

to cause a particular physical condition
results in, causes, gives rise to

a drug-induced coma

یک کما ناشی از دارو
باعث شدن

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60
Q

Flurry of

ˈflɜːri

A

short period of activity, burst, surge

دوره کوتاه فعالیت، انفجار، موج

  • The day started with a flurry of activity.
    روز با فعالیت های فراوان آغاز شد.
  • He opens the door and a flurry of snow blows in.
    در را باز می کند و سیل برف وارد می شود.
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61
Q

Pummel

ˈpʌməl

A

to hit someone or something many times quickly, especially using your fists (=closed hands)

The cook pummelled at the dough.

پشت سر هم مشت زدن - مشتمال کردن

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62
Q

Primitive

ˈprɪmɪətɪv

A

belonging to a simple way of life that existed in the past and does not have modern industries and machines
OPP: Advanced

a primitive nomadic tribe

یک قبیله بدوی

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63
Q

Devastate

ˈdevəsteɪt

A

to damage something very badly or completely

The city centre was devastated by the bomb.

مرکز شهر بر اثر بمب ویران شد.

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64
Q

Apocalypse

əˈpɒ:kəlɪps

A

the destruction and end of the world
disaster, catastrophe, destruction

anti-nuclear protesters who fear the apocalypse

معترضان ضد هسته ای که از آخرالزمان می ترسند

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65
Q

Astounding

əˈstaʊndɪŋ

A

so surprising that it is almost impossible to believe
SYN: Astonishing

برگریزون - حیرت آور

The concert was an astounding success.
کنسرت یک موفقیت خیره کننده بود.

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66
Q

v.

Allay

əˈleɪ

A

allay (somebody’s) fear/ concern/ suspicion etc
to make someone feel less afraid, worried etc

reduce, sooth, calm

آراام کردن، از شدت چیزی کاستن

The job sounds right up your alley. بنظر میاد کار مطابق سلیقه و استعداد توست
note: Alley means a narrow way

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67
Q

coronal mass ejection

A

انفجار ماده و میدان مغناطیسی که توسط خورشید آزاد می شود

تخلیه توده تاجی

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68
Q

Frugal

ˈfruːgəl

A
  1. careful to buy only what is necessary
  2. Simple

OPP: Extravagant

۱- مقتصد

As children we were taught to be frugal and hard-working.
در کودکی به ما آموختند که صرفه جو و سخت کوش باشیم.

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69
Q

Cornerstone

ˈkɔːrnərstoʊn

A

important feature, foundation

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70
Q

Electorate

ɪˈlektərɪət

A

voters, population

واجدین حق رای

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71
Q

not-so-objective

A

biased, distorted

مغرضانه - تحریف شده
نه چندان عینی

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72
Q

Virtually

ˈvɜːtʃuəli

A

nearly, essentially, basically
SYN: Practically

تقریبا - اساسا

Virtually all the children come to school by bus.
تقریباً همه بچه ها با اتوبوس به مدرسه می آیند.

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73
Q

Unwarranted

ʌnˈwɒrəntɪəd

A

unjustified, unsupported, unreasonable

غیر منطقی - ناموجه - بدون پشتوانه

unwarranted interference
دخالت بی دلیل

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74
Q

Mildly

ˈmaɪldli

A

Slightly

The drug is only mildly addictive.

این دارو فقط کمی اعتیاد آور است

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75
Q

Moderately

ˈmɒdərɪətli

A

fairly, but not very
SYN: Reasonably

معتدلانه

He did moderately well in the exams.
او در امتحانات نسبتاً خوب عمل کرد.

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76
Q

Scant

skænt

A

نا کافی
Not enough - very little

The story has received scant attention in the press.

این داستان در مطبوعات مورد کم توجهی قرار گرفته است.

Mnemonic: Scan N’t

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77
Q

Hunch

hʌntʃ

A

if you have a hunch that something is true or will happen, you feel that it is true or will happen➔ suspicion

SYN: guesses, speculations

I had a hunch that something like this would happen.

گمان بردن

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78
Q

Wholeheartedly

A

از صمیم قلب

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79
Q

Endure

ɪnˈdjʊər

A

to be in a difficult or painful situation for a long time without complaining
SYN: lasted, persisted, survived

تحمل کردن، ماندگار شدن، زنده ماندن

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80
Q

Affirmation

əˈfɜːrm

A

to state publicly that something is true
SYN: Confirmation, verification

تایید

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81
Q

Overemphasizes

ˌoʊvərˈemfəsaɪz

A

gives something too much importance or attention

تاکید خیلی زیاد

The importance of adequate preparation cannot be overemphasized (=used to say that something is very important).

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82
Q

Substantiated

səbˈstænʃieɪt

Formal

A

supported, confirmed

اثبات کردن

Katzen offered little evidence to substantiate his claims.

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83
Q

Worldviews

A

philosophies, belief systems, mindsets

جهان بینی

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84
Q

Shortcomings

ˈʃɔːrtˌkʌmɪŋ

A

defects, flaws, deficiencies

کاستی، عیب، نقص

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85
Q

Rings true

A

seems true or sincere

بنظر درست می رسد یا بنظر صادقانه می رسد

86
Q

Pitch

pɪtʃ

A

a thick black substance, tar, glue

یک ماده سیاه غلیظ، قیر، چسب

87
Q

Vertical

ˈvɜːtɪkəl

A

عمودی

88
Q

Horizontal

ˌhɑːrɪəˈzɑːntl◂

A

افقی

89
Q

Deposited

A

left behind, placed

باقیمانده، بجا مونده

90
Q

Durability

ˈdjʊərəbəliti

A

strength, sturdiness, toughness

دوام و استحکام

91
Q

Implication

ˌɪmplɪəˈkeɪʃən

A

a possible future effect or result of an action, event, decision etc

تاثیر

They are called ‘Supertrams’, the implication being that (=which is meant to suggest that) they are more advanced than earlier models. به این معنی که

92
Q

Bark

bɑːrk

A

علاوه بر پارس سگ پوسته بیرونی درخت هم هست

93
Q

Birch

bɜːrtʃ

Plant

A
94
Q

Critique

krɪˈtiːk

A

a detailed explanation of the problems of something such as a set of political ideas➔ evaluation

نقد

a critique of modern economic theory

95
Q

Jargon

ˈdɑːrgən

A

اصلاحات تخصصی

Keep it simple and avoid the use of jargon.

96
Q

Peculiar

pɪˈkjuːliər

A

strange, unfamiliar, or a little surprising

عجیب‌تر

It seems very peculiar that no one noticed Kay had gone.

97
Q

Fidelity

fɪˈdelɪəti

A

when you are loyal to a person, an organization, or something that you believe in
SYN: Loyality

وفاداری
معانی دیگر: وفا، پایبندی، وظیفه شناسی، پیروی از تعهدات و وظایف، پیمان داری، وفاداری به همسر (در ازدواج)، پاکدامنی

his fidelity to the company over 25 years

98
Q

Greet

griːt

A

to say hello to someone or welcome them

99
Q

v.

Fashion

ˈfæʃən

A

to shape or make something, using your hands or only a few tools

He fashioned a box from a few old pieces of wood.

او از چند تکه چوب قدیمی جعبه ای ساخت.

100
Q

Comet

ˈkɑːmɪət

A

Halley’s comet

دنباله دار هالی

101
Q

Twist

twist

A
102
Q

Consciousness

ˈkɒ:nʃəsnɪəs

A

when you know that something exists or is true
SYN: Awareness

This will increase public consciousness of the pollution issue.

این امر آگاهی عمومی را نسبت به موضوع آلودگی افزایش می دهد.

103
Q

Restate

ˌriːˈsteɪt

A

to say something again in a different way, so that it is clearer or more strongly expressed:

He is not changing the rules; he is simply restating the policy that was

او قوانین را تغییر نمی دهد. او به سادگی سیاستی را که در سال گذشته ایجاد شد، دوباره بیان می کند.

104
Q

Cave

keɪv

A

غار

105
Q

v.

Hatch

hætʃ

A

The eggs take three days to hatch.

تخم ها سه روز طول می کشد تا از تخم خارج شوند.

106
Q

n.

Serf

sɜːrf

Singular

A

someone in the past who lived and worked on land that they did not own and who had to obey the owner of the land➔ peasant

## Footnote

But in the new electronic workplace, the corporate serf cannot see his master, because his corporate master is a fiction.
اما در محل کار الکترونیکی جدید، رعیت شرکتی نمی تواند ارباب خود را ببیند، زیرا ارباب شرکت او یک داستان تخیلی است.

107
Q

n.

Venom

ˈvenəm

uncountable

A

SYN: Malice (ˈmælɪəs)

زهر، سم، مسموم کردن، مسموم شدن یا تنفر، بیزاری، نفرت، دشمنی، کینه

the desire to harm someone because you hate them

There was real venom in her voice.

108
Q

n.

Badger

ˈbædʒər

A

## Footnote

mnemonic: بد جر میده زمین رو

109
Q

n.

Populace

ˈpɒ:pjʊələs

Formal, Singular

A

the people who live in a country

the effects of the war on the local populace

اثرات جنگ بر مردم محلی
عوام

110
Q

n.

Offspring

ˈɒ:fˌsprɪŋ

plural offspring same as childeren, which we never say childrens.

A

an animal’s baby or babies
SYN: Young

a lion and its offspring

توله

111
Q

Veil of ignorance

veɪl

A

پرده بی خبری

112
Q

Disparity

dɪˈspærɪəti

A

a difference between two or more things, especially an unfair one➔ parity

a disparity between the rates of pay for men and women

تفاوت بین نرخ دستمزد مردان و زنان

113
Q

Conquer

ˈkɑːŋkər

A

to get control of a country by fighting:

Egypt was conquered by the Persian King Kambyses.

مصر توسط کامبوجیه پادشاه ایرانی فتح شد.

114
Q

Sahara

səˈhærə

A

صحرای بزرگ آفریقا

115
Q

Take somthing into account

A

to consider or remember something when judging a situation

توجه داشتن

I hope my teacher will take into account the fact that I was ill just before the exams when she marks my paper.

امیدوارم معلمم وقتی برگه‌ام را علامت می‌زند به این واقعیت توجه کند که من درست قبل از امتحانات بیمار بودم.

116
Q

Assembly

əˈsembli

A

اجتماع کردن

Police have imposed conditions on public assemblies.

پلیس شرایطی را برای اجتماعات عمومی وضع کرده است.

117
Q

Constrain

kənˈstreɪn

A

SYN: Restrict
محدود کردن

Poor soil has constrained the level of crop production.

خاک ضعیف سطح تولید محصول را محدود کرده است.

118
Q

Indiginous

ɪnˈdɪdʒənəs

A

SYN: Native

Blueberries are indigenous to America.

زغال اخته بومی آمریکاست.

119
Q

Embrace

ɪmˈbreɪs

Formal

A
  1. to include something as part of a subject, discussion etc
  2. to eagerly accept a new idea, opinion, religion etc

شامل شدن - پذیرا بودن

  • We hope these regions will embrace democratic reforms.
    ما امیدواریم که این مناطق اصلاحات دموکراتیک را پذیرا باشند.
  • This course embraces several different aspects of psychology.
    این دوره شامل چندین جنبه مختلف روانشناسی است.
120
Q

n., v.

Squash

skwɑːʃ

A
  1. کدو
  2. کوبیدن و خمیر کردن، درهم کوبیدن

She squashed his last faint hope.

آخرین امید ضعیف او را له کرد

121
Q

Stalk

stɒːk

A

ساقه

122
Q

v.

Default

dɪˈfɒːlt

A

to fail to pay money that you owe at the right time

He defaulted on his child support payments.

او در پرداخت نفقه فرزندش کوتاهی کرد.

In default of any other instructions, they decided to use the same system as before.
برخلاف هر دستورالعمل دیگری، آنها تصمیم گرفتند از همان سیستم قبلی استفاده کنند.

123
Q

Ambitious

ambitious

A
  1. an ambitious plan, idea etc shows a desire to do something good but difficult
  2. determined to be successful, rich, powerful etc

  • an over-ambitious health reform program
    برنامه اصلاحات سلامت بیش از حد بلندپروازانه
  • mothers who are highly ambitious for their children (=who want their children to be successful
    مادرانی که برای فرزندان خود بسیار جاه طلب هستند (=که می خواهند فرزندانشان موفق باشند
124
Q

Envision

ɪnˈvɪʒən

A

to imagine something that you think might happen in the future, especially something that you think will be good

تصور کردن آینده مطلوب - رویا داشتن

I envisioned a future of educational excellence.
من آینده ای از تعالی آموزشی را متصور بودم.

125
Q

Diminish

dɪəˈmɪnɪʃ

A

SYN: Reduce

The party’s share of the electorate has diminished steadily.

سهم حزب از رای دهندگان به طور پیوسته کاهش یافته است.

126
Q

Conjunction with sb/sth

kənˈdʒʌŋkʃən

A

working, happening, or being used with someone or something else

The worksheets are designed to be used in conjunction with the new coursebooks.
کاربرگ ها به گونه ای طراحی شده اند که در ارتباط با کتاب های درسی جدید استفاده شوند.

127
Q

Diametrically opposed/opposite

ˌdaɪəˈmetrɪkli

A

کاملا متضاد

The two ideas are diametrically opposed.

این دو ایده کاملاً متضاد هستند.

128
Q

Propel

prəˈpel

A

to move someone into a new situation or make them do something

سوق دادن - پیش راندن

Company directors were propelled into action.
مدیران شرکت وارد عمل شدند.

129
Q

Mimic

ˈmɪmɪk

A

SYN: Intimate, take off

Europe should not try to mimic Japan: we have to find our own path to successful modernisation
اروپا نباید سعی کند ژاپن را تقلید کند: ما باید مسیر خود را برای مدرنیزاسیون موفق پیدا کنیم

130
Q

Futail

ˈfjuːtaɪl

A

SYN: Pointless

It was futile to continue the negotiations.

ادامه مذاکرات بیهوده بود.

131
Q

Better off

A
  1. having more money than someone else or than you had before
  2. Better off with/without having more money than someone else or than you had before
    OPP: worse off

She’ll be about £50 a week better off.

او با ۵۰ یورو بیشتر در هفته وضعیت بهتری خواهد داشت.

132
Q

Volatile

ˈvɑːlətl

A

a volatile situation is likely to change suddenly and without warning
OPP: Stable

the highly volatile stock and bond markets

بازارهای سهام و اوراق قرضه با نوسان شدید

133
Q

Presumption

prɪˈzʌmpʃən

A

فرض

the presumption that their wealth is the result of crime

این فرض که ثروت آنها نتیجه جنایت است

134
Q

Loose

lu:s

A

The screw has come loose

پیچ شل شده است

135
Q

Rote

roʊt

A

when you learn something by repeating it many times, without thinking about it carefully or without understanding it

In old-fashioned schools, much learning was by rote.

در مدارس از مد افتاده، بسیاری از یادگیری ها بوسیله تکرار کردن بود.

طوطی وار

136
Q

Imply

ɪmˈplaɪ

A

SYN: Suggest

نشان دادن - تایید کردن

The high level of radiation in the rocks implies that they are volcanic in origin.
سطح بالای تشعشع در سنگ ها نشان می دهد که منشا آتشفشانی دارند.

137
Q

Inclusion

ɪnˈkluːʒən

A

گنجاندن

The potential advantage of GPI is its inclusion of effects of economic development other than positive ones.
مزیت بالقوه GPI گنجاندن اثرات توسعه اقتصادی غیر از اثرات مثبت آن است.

138
Q

Grasp

græsp

A

شیرفهم

At that time, we did not fully grasp the significance of what had happened.
در آن زمان، ما اهمیت آنچه را که اتفاق افتاده بود، به طور کامل درک نکردیم.

139
Q

Crop

krɑːp

A

SYN: Harvest

crop production

تولید محصولات کشاورزی

140
Q

Weed

wiːd

A

علف هرز

the constant battle against weeds

مبارزه مداوم با علف های هرز

141
Q

Stance

stæns

A

SYN: stand
adopt/take a stance

The President has adopted a tough stance on terrorism.

رئیس جمهور مواضع سختگیرانه ای در قبال تروریسم اتخاذ کرده است.

142
Q

Inset

ˈɪnset

A

something which is fixed into or onto the surface of something else:

a pendant with a diamond inset

یک آویز با یک الماس تعبیه شده

143
Q

Stewardship

ˈstuːərdʃɪp

A

someone’s stewardship of something is the way that they control or protect it.

Some critics have doubts about his stewardship of the nation.

برخی از منتقدان در مورد سرپرستی او بر کشور تردید دارند.

144
Q

Boast

boʊst

A

to talk too proudly about your abilities, achievements, or possessions

He’s boasting about how much money he has made.

او به میزان پولی که به دست آورده به خود می بالد.

145
Q

Pupil

ˈpjuːpəl

A

someone who is being taught, especially a child

About 20 pupils study music here.

حدود 20 دانش آموز در اینجا موسیقی می آموزند.

146
Q

Dismiss

dɪsˈmɪs

A

to refuse to consider someone’s idea, opinion etc, because you think it is not serious, true, or important

He just laughed and dismissed my proposal as unrealistic.

او فقط خندید و پیشنهاد من را غیرواقعی رد کرد.

147
Q

Tend to

tend

A

People tend to need less sleep as they get older.

افراد با افزایش سن اغلب به خواب کمتری نیاز دارند.

داشتن

148
Q

Bogged sb/st down

bɒːɡ

A

گیر کردن

The car got bogged down in the mud.

ماشین در گل و لای گیر کرد.

149
Q

Intent

ɪnˈtent

A

what you intend to do

She behaved foolishly but with good intent.

او احمقانه اما با نیت خوب رفتار کرد.

150
Q

Figuratively

ˈfɪgərətɪvli

A

a figurative word or phrase is used in a different way from its usual meaning, to give you a particular idea or picture in your mind➔ literal

He’s my son, in the figurative sense of the word.

151
Q

Totality

toʊˈtælɪəti

Formal

A

کل چیزی

It’s essential that we look at the problem in its totality.

ضروری است که به مشکل در کلیت آن نگاه کنیم.

152
Q

seek somebody/ something ↔ out

siːk

phrasal verb

A

to try to find someone or something, especially when this is difficult

Our mission is to seek out the enemy and destroy them.

ماموریت ما جستجوی دشمن و نابودی آنهاست.

153
Q

Argue that

ˈɑːɡju

A

It could be argued that a dam might actually increase the risk of flooding.

استدلال کردن

می توان استدلال کرد که یک سد در واقع ممکن است خطر سیل را افزایش دهد.

154
Q

Assert

əˈsɜːrt

A

to state firmly that something is true

با قاطعیت تایید کردن

He asserted that nuclear power was a safe and non-polluting energy source.
وی تاکید کرد که انرژی هسته ای یک منبع انرژی ایمن و بدون آلودگی است.

155
Q

Underwhelming

ʌndərˈwelm

A

SYN: Disappointing

We were underwhelmed by the latest version of the software.

ما از آخرین نسخه نرم افزار ناامید شدیم.

156
Q

Controlled for

A

Adjusted for

The researchers successfully controlled for pupil skill.

محققان با موفقیت مهارت دانش آموز را تنظیم کردند.

157
Q

Abide

əˈbaɪd

A

somebody can’t abide somebody/ something
used to say that someone dislikes someone or something very much

I can’t abide that man – he’s so self-satisfied.

Past tense: abode
من نمی توانم آن مرد را تحمل کنم - او بسیار از خود راضی است.

158
Q

abide by something

A

phrasal verb
to accept and obey a decision, rule, agreement etc, even though you may not agree with it

You have to abide by the referee’s decision.

شما باید به تصمیم داور تمکین کنید..

159
Q

Keep an eye peeled for something

piːl

A

مراقب چیزی بودن

She stumbled along, keeping her eyes peeled for a phone box.

او از راه افتاد و چشمانش به دنبال تلفن بود.

160
Q

Home in on somebody/something

phrasal verb

A

to direct all your attention towards a particular person or thing
SYN: Zero in on

She immediately zeroed in on the weak point in his argument.

دقیقا روی شی، هدف، یا محلی تمرکز و به سمت آن حرکت کردن
او بلافاصله متوجه نقطه ضعف استدلال او شد.

161
Q

Sole

soʊl

A

SYN: Only

The story was published with the sole purpose of selling newspapers.

این داستان تنها با هدف فروش روزنامه منتشر شد.

162
Q

Narrow

ˈnæroʊ

A

OPP: Broad

You’ve got a very narrow view of life.

شما دید بسیار محدودی از زندگی دارید.

163
Q

Purpose

ˈpɜːrpəs

A

هدف

The purpose of this meeting is to elect a new chairman.

هدف از این جلسه انتخاب رئیس جدید است.

164
Q

Discern

dɪˈsɜːrn

Formal

A

to notice or understand something by thinking about it carefully
SYN: perceive
متوجه شدن و فهمیدن

Officials were keen to discern how much public support there was.

مقامات مشتاق بودند بفهمند که چقدر حمایت عمومی وجود دارد.

165
Q

Tribal

ˈtraɪbəl

A

relating to a tribe or tribes:

خانوادگی

A dance tribal

166
Q

Articulate something with somthing

ɑːrˈtɪkjʊəleɪt

A

if one idea, system etc articulates with another idea, system etc, the two things are related and exist together

اگر یک ایده، سیستم و غیره با ایده، سیستم و غیره دیگری بیان شود، این دو چیز به هم مرتبط هستند و با هم وجود دارند

توصیف و بیان کردن هم معنی میده

a new course that is designed to articulate with the current degree course
یک دوره جدید که برای هماهنگی با دوره فعلی طراحی شده است

167
Q

Belief vs. Attitude

A

Believe به معنای باور و ایمان داشتن به چیزی یا کسی است.

She told me she didn’t know anything but I don’t believe even one word of it.

(بهم گفت که هیچی نمی دونست ولی من حتی یک کلمه از حرفاش رو باور نمی کنم.)

Belief به معنای باور و ایمان است – چه باور و عقیده مذهبی و چه باوری که از احساس اطمینان نسبت به کسی یا چیزی به وجود می آید.

My belief in God lightens my way.

نگرش یا Attitude یعنی ارزیابی عمومی شما از یک رفتار یا یک واقعیت یا یک چیز. مثلا نگرش شما نسبت به پول دادن به متکدیان خیابانی ممکن است این باشد که شما این عمل را عملی با ارزش بدانید و یا دیگری ممکن است این عمل را عملی بی ارزش بداند

168
Q

Domestic

dəˈmestɪk

A

داخلی

Our nation’s domestic affairs

امور داخلی کشور ما

169
Q

Miscellaneous

ˌmɪsəˈleɪniəs◂

A

A miscelleniouse assort of books.

مجموعه‌ای از کتاب های متفرقه

170
Q

Visceral

ˈvɪsərəl

A

visceral beliefs and attitudes are the result of strong feelings rather than careful thought

شدید

His ideas provoke a visceral reaction from many of Britain’s top business leaders.
ایده های او واکنش شدید بسیاری از رهبران ارشد تجاری بریتانیا را برانگیخت.

171
Q

Nausea

ˈnɒːziə

A

SYN: Sickness

حالت تهوع

A feeling of nausea suddenly came over me.

172
Q

Revulsion

rɪˈvʌlʃən

A

a strong feeling of shock and very strong dislike
SYN: Disgust

News of the atrocities produced a wave of anger and revulsion.

خبر این جنایات موجی از خشم و انزجار را ایجاد کرد.

Mnemonic: Revolve+Vision. When u revolve ur vision changes and u have a disgusted feeling

173
Q

Onerous

ˈɒ:nərəs

Formal

A

work or a responsibility that is onerous is difficult and worrying or makes you tired

an onerous task

طاقت فرسا

174
Q

a hefty/ fat fee

ˈhefti

Informal

A

a very large fee

Customers are being charged a hefty fee for their telephone service.

175
Q

Tally

ˈtæli

A

a record of how much you have spent, won etc by a particular point in time:

The final tally was $465,000.

رقم نهایی 465000 دلار بود.

176
Q

Controlled for

A

Removed bias

177
Q

conviction

A

a strong belief
اعتقاد راسخ

178
Q

obsolescence

A

uselessness

179
Q

exploitative

A

unfairly taking advantage of

استثمارگرانه

180
Q

indeed

A

certainly, undeniably (shows agreement with something stated earlier)

181
Q

be hard-pressed to justify

A

have trouble justifying

182
Q

colluded

A

conspired (cooperated in a secret or unlawful way in order to deceive or gain an advantage over others)

183
Q

wear out

A

خسته‌ش کردن، پوست پا کردن شلوار جین توسط من
break down, fall apart, stop working

184
Q

assert

A

argue, contend, claim

185
Q

ambitious

A

large, challenging, bold

186
Q

aims

A

goal

187
Q

contend

A

argue, assert, claim

188
Q

emphasis

A

importance, special attention

189
Q

inevitable

A

predictable, certain

190
Q

grandiose

A

ambitious, grand, lofty

191
Q

intrigued

ɪnˈtriːgd

A

very interested in something because it seems strange or mysterious

مجذوب شده

He was intrigued by her reaction.
او مجذوب واکنش او شد.

192
Q

Especially vs. Specially

A

Especially = “To an unusual high degree” or “more than so than comparable things”
These paintings are all atractive. But that one is especially attractive because of its use of chiaroscuro.
Specially: “Done in a special manner.”
This dish, which is not on the normal menue, was specially prepared for our guest.

Specially بیشتر حالت adj و adv داره

193
Q

a paragon of virtue

A

نمونه ای از فضیلت

194
Q

Detachment vs. Apathy

ˈæpəθi

A

Detachment is very different from apathy. Apathy is cutting off, not caring. Detachment is a vital engagement that, rather than locking on to any one story, acknowledges, in all humility, that the future may well contain more than I can imagine right now.

195
Q

Perennial

pəˈreniəl

A

continuing or existing for a long time, or happening again and again

Lack of resources has been a perennial problem since the beginning.
دائمی

196
Q

n.

Corral

kəˈræl

A

Verb meaning:
* to make animals move into a corral
They corralled the cattle before loading them onto the truck.
* to keep people in a particular area, especially in order to control them:
Once at the airport, we were herded to the gate and corralled into a small room.

197
Q

Jaded

ˈdʒeɪdɪd

A

someone who is jaded is no longer interested in or excited by something, usually because they have experienced too much of it

The concert should satisfy even the most jaded critic.

کنسرت باید حتی خسته ترین منتقد را هم راضی کند.

198
Q

Ephemeral

ɪˈfemərəl

A

existing or popular for only a short time
SYN: transitory

Fashion is by nature ephemeral.

چقدر مثال زیبایی از کلمه‌س
mnemonic: if(ep) he murder( mer) all, if the the cat is able to murder the rates then rats life will be short span

199
Q

N, Adj,

Requisite

ˈrekwɪəzɪət

Formal

A

SYN: Necessary

He lacks the requisite qualifications.

200
Q

Denigrate

ˈdenəˈɡreɪt

A

to say things to make someone or something seem less important or good

people who denigrate their own country
تحقیر کردن
همونایی که ازشون بدت میاد deny+greate می‌کنن ایران رو

201
Q

Heuristic

hjʊˈrɪstɪk

A
  1. heuristic education is based on discovering and experiencing things for yourself
  2. helping you in the process of learning or discovery

سوگیری

202
Q

n.

Dichotomy

daɪˈkɒ:təmi

(plural dichotomies) [countable]

A

the difference between two things or ideas that are completely opposite

a dichotomy between his public and private lives

دوگانگی
Mnemonic: DICHO-‘two’+TOMY-‘cut’ so CUT INTO TWO.

203
Q

Orientation meeting

ˌɔːriənˈteɪʃən

Formal

A

جلسه توجیهی

204
Q

Meteorite

ˈmiːtiəraɪt

A

a piece of rock or metal from space that has landed on Earth

205
Q

n.

influx

ˈɪnflʌks

Countable

A

the arrival of large numbers of people or large amounts of money, goods etc, especially suddenly

| a sudden **influx of** cash

## Footnote

مثلا: سیل و باران پول، هجوم مردم

206
Q

n.

Flux

flʌks

Uncountable

A

a situation in which things are changing a lot and you cannot be sure what will happen

The education system is still in a state of flux.

نا پایدار و متزلزل

207
Q

v.

Soar

sɔːr

A

to increase quickly to a high level

The price of petrol has soared in recent weeks.

اوج گرفتن

Mnemonic: SOOOOOOOO ↑rd

208
Q

n. , v.

Halt

A

SYN: Stop

Noun:

  • The President has called for a halt to the wave of emigration. (=stop moving or continuing)
  • Heavy snowfalls brought traffic to a halt (=made it stop moving).

Verb:
The government has failed to halt economic decline. (= stop)

209
Q

v.

Foreclose

fɔːrˈkloʊz

A

If a bank or building society forecloses, it takes possession of someone’s property because they have failed to pay back an agreed part of a loan

مصادره کردن

Building societies may foreclose on a mortgage if payments are not kept up.

210
Q

Adj.

Superlative

suːˈpɜːrlətɪv

A

SYN: Excelent

a superlative performance

Iman's Vocabulary (9 decks)

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