Essential words - Deck 3 Flashcards
Firm
fɜːrm
A company; Business organization
Wealthy
ˈwelθi
rich
Routingly
ruːˈtiːnli
on a regular basis
Decisive
dɪˈsaɪsɪv
important; affecting a decision
Preponderance
prɪˈpɒ:ndərəns
the largest amount
There is a preponderance of female students in the music department.
Reminder
rɪˈmaɪndər
the rest; what is left
Confront
kənˈfrʌnt
nearing, usually said of threat or difficulty
The problems confronting the new government were enormous.
Looming
luːmin
footnote
to face a difficulty
قریبالوقوع
An economic crisis is looming on the horizon.
Branch
bræntʃ
local office of a large company
Controversy
ˈkɑːntrəvɜːrsi
a lot of disagreement affecting many people
the controversy surrounding Skinner’s theories
Opponent
əˈpoʊnənt
someone who disagrees and speaks out
Point
pɔɪnt
to call attention to
Proponent
prəˈpoʊnənt
supporter
Boon
buːn
a benefit; advantage
The bus service is a real boon to people in the village.
Turnover
ˈtɜːrnˌoʊvər
the rate at which employees leave and are replaced
Shift
ʃɪft
period of work time
Coincide
ˌkoʊɪənˈsaɪd
to happen at the same time
Epicentre
ˈepɪˌsentər
central or most important place
London became the epicentre of the world fashion industry.
Catch up
kætʃ
to reach someone or sth that is ahead
At the moment our technology is more advanced, but other countries are catching up with us.
Enticing
ɪnˈtaɪsɪŋ
attractive
SYN: Tempting
It was a hot day and the water looked enticing.
Disposable
dɪˈspoʊzəbəl
made to be thrown away after one or few uses
disposable nappies
Discard
dɪsˈkɑːrd
to throw into the trash can
Litter
ˈlɪtər
to drop trash onto street
Toys littered the floor.
Adv.
Eventually
ɪˈventʃuəli,
after a long time, or after a lot of things have happened
SYN: Finally
He eventually escaped and made his way back to England.
سرانجام، بالاخره
v.
Jeopardize
ˈdʒeprədaɪz
to put in danger
large-scale military offensives which could jeopardize the UN peace proc
بخطر انداختن
Fitness
ˈfɪtnɪəs
the satate of being in a good physical condition
Spot
spɑːt
to notice
I spotted a police car behind us.
Formalize
ˈfɔːrməlaɪz
to organize and define
Final arrangements for the takeover have yet to be formalized.
Catch on
to become popular
The idea of glasses being a fashion item has been slow to catch on.
Trend
trend
a popular fashion
Carry on
to do; to perform
He carried on with his day job.|Sheehan has carried on with her campaign
Establishment
ɪˈstæblɪʃmənt
creation; arrangement
the establishment of NATO in 1949
Term
tɜːrm
a name or word for sth
Company
ˈkʌmpəni
companionship
When Stan died, I missed his companionship.
Protective
prəˈtektɪv
providing cover or safety
Calories
ˈkæləriz
a unit that measures the amount of energy
Involve
ɪnˈvɑːlv
to include; require
These changes will involve everyone on the staff.
Muscle
ˈmʌsəl
a part of the body that helps you move
Numerous
ˈnuːmərəs
many
v.
Track
træk
to observe and make a record of
Struggle
ˈstrʌgəl
to fight
She struggled to free herself.
Persist
pərˈsɪst
to continue
He persisted in his refusal to admit responsibility.
Dire
daɪr
very serious or extreme; very bad
warnings of dire consequences that often don’t come true
Approximately
əˈprɒksɪəmɪətli
close but not exactly
Academic
ˌækəˈdemɪk◂
related to school, especially the university
Inordinate
ɪˈnɔːrdənɪət
more than is reasonable
SYN: Excessive
Testing is taking up an inordinate amount of teachers’ time.
Equality
ɪˈkwɑːlɪəti
being the same; having the same rights and opportunities
Pressure
ˈpreʃə
demands; responsibilities
I feel I’m not able to cope well with the pressures of life.
Bear
ber
to carry; have responsibility for
The humiliation was more than he could bear.
Absence
ˈæbsəns
not being present; time away
Ms Leighton will be in charge during my absence
Devote
diˈvoʊt
give; commit
SYN: Dedicate
He devoted his energies to writing films.
Frustration
frʌˈstreɪʃən
lack of satisfaction; inability to reach goals
People often feel a sense of frustration that they are not being promoted quickly enough.
Discrepancy
dɪˈskrepənsi
difference between two things that should be the same
Police found discrepancies in the two men’s reports.
Mentor
ˈmentɔr
a person who gives help and advice
Invaluable
inˈvæljʊəbəl
very valuable; extremely useful
Your advice has been invaluable to us.
Guidance
ˈgaɪdəns
advice; assistance
Validate
ˈvælɪədeɪt
to confirm; make a person feel valued
Funding
ˈfʌndɪŋ
financial support
Progress
ˈprɑːgres
to move forward
Commensurate
kəˈmensərɪət
similar in size or amount
متناسب
Salary will be commensurate with age and experience.
Disability
ˌdɪsəˈbɪlɪəti
a condition that makes it difficult to do things other people do
Incapacitated
ˌɪnkəˈpæsɪəteɪt
unable to do things normally
Her mother has been incapacitated by a fall.
Poverty
ˈpɑːvərti
the condition of being poor
Millions of elderly people live in poverty.
continued efforts to alleviate poverty and raise living standards
Account for
to be responsible for; be the cause of
SYN: Explain
Recent pressure at work may account for his behavior.
Unwieldy
ʌnˈwiːldi
difficult to manage
unwieldy bureaucracy
Slippery
ˈslɪpəri
causing things to slide or slip; difficult to hold or stand on
In places, the path can be wet and slippery.
Harry’s palms were slippery with sweat.
Slope
sloʊp
a surface at an angle, with the top higher than the bottom
a steep slope
Abound
əˈbaʊnd
to exist in large numbers
Rumours abound as to the reasons for his resignation.
Recreation
ˌrekriˈeɪʃən
leisure activities
SYN: Hobby
His only recreations are drinking beer and watching football.
the provision of recreation facilities (=places or equipment for people to use to enjoy themselves)
Switch
swɪtʃ
a button used to turn on lights or machines
Ramp
ræmp
a smooth surface that allows access between levels
Exterior
ɪkˈsˈtɪriər
the outside of sth
Curb
kɜːrb
مهار کردن
the raised edge of the street
Interior
ɪnˈtɪriər
the inside of sth
Corridor
ˈkɔːrɪədər
hallway
Necessitate
nɪəˈsesɪəteɪt
to make nesseccary
Lack of money necessitated a change of plan.
Update
ʌpˈdeɪt
to modernize; improve
Capable
ˈkeɪpəbəl
able to do sth
Terrain
teˈreɪn
the surface of land
rocky terrain
Compact
kəmˈpækt
small