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Iman's Vocabulary > Essential words - Unessential 3 > Flashcards

Essential words - Unessential 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

Nourishment

ˈnʌrɪʃmənt

A

the food and other substances that people and other living things need to live, grow, and stay healthy

lack of proper nourishment

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2
Q

Cultivate

ˈkʌltɪəveɪt

A

to plant and take care of a particular crop
SYN: Grow

We cultivated maize and watermelons.

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3
Q

Gratitude

ˈgrætɪətuːd

A

the feeling of being grateful
OPP: Ingratitude

She had a deep gratitude towards David, but she did not love him.
سپاسگذاری، قدردانی

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4
Q

Existentialism

ˌegzɪˈstenʃəlɪzəm

A

the belief in philosophy that people are responsible for their own actions and experiences, and that the world has no meaning

کار ما نیست شناسایی راز گل سرخ
کار ما این است شاید این است که در افسون گل سرخ شناور باشیم

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5
Q

Regular

ˈregjʊələr

A

1- of a normal or standard size
2- happening every hour, every week, every month etc, usually with the same amount of time in between

a regular Coke

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6
Q

Conduct

kənˈdʌkt

A

to carry out a particular activity or process, especially in order to get information or prove facts

اجرا کردن، اداره کردن

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7
Q

Mere

mɪr

A

used to emphasize that something which is small or not extreme has a big effect or is important

The mere fact that the talks are continuing is a positive sign.

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8
Q

To pose as

A

to pretend to be someone else, in order to deceive people

Bryce was caught posing as a lawyer.

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9
Q

Shore

ʃɔːr

A

the land along the edge of a large area of water such as an ocean or lake

She began to swim to shore.

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10
Q

Bubble over

A

to be excited

Mary was bubbling over with excitement.

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11
Q

Result in

A

to make something happen
SYN: Cause

an accident that resulted in the death of two passengers

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12
Q

Rejuvenate

rɪˈdʒuːvəneɪt

A

to make something work much better or become much better again

plans to rejuvenate the inner city areas

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13
Q

Debauchery

dɪˈbɑːtʃəri

A

immoral behaviour involving drugs, alcohol, sex etc

a life of debauchery

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14
Q

Outshine

aʊtˈʃaɪn

A

to be better or more impressive than someone or something else

Several new players outshone the veterans.

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15
Q

Revere

rɪˈvɪər

A

to respect and admire someone or something very much

He is revered as a national hero.

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16
Q

Cacti

kækti

A

Plural form of cactus

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17
Q

adj.

Cubist

ˈkjuːbɪst

A

cubism
a 20th-century style of art, in which objects and people are represented by geometric shapes

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18
Q

Gobble up

gɒ:bəl

A

to eat something very quickly, especially in an impolite or greedy way
SYN: Wolf

Don’t gobble your food!

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19
Q

Surge

sɜːrdʒ

A

to suddenly increase
SYN: Shoot up

Oil prices surged.

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20
Q

Captivate

ˈkæptɪəveɪt

A

to attract someone very much, and hold their attention

He was captivated by her beauty.

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21
Q

Potluck

ˌpɒ:tˈlʌk◂

A

to have a meal at someone’s home in which you eat whatever they have available, rather than food which has been specially bought for the occasion

I’m not sure what there is in the fridge – you’ll have to take pot luck.

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22
Q

Pundit

ˈpʌndɪət

A

متخصص
someone who is often asked to give their opinion publicly of a situation or subjec

If you believe the fashion pundits, we’ll all be wearing pink this year.

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23
Q

Acquaint

əˈkweɪnt

A

to deliberately find out about something

I need to acquaint myself with the new regulations.

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24
Q

Entrust

ɪnˈtrʌst

A

to make someone responsible for doing something important, or for taking care of someone

I was entrusted with the task of looking after the money.

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25
Q

Stark

stɑːrk

A

unpleasantly clear and impossible to avoid
SYN: Harsh

We are faced with a stark choice.

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26
Q

Segregation

ˌsegrɪˈgeɪʃən

A

when people of different races, sexes, or religions are kept apart so that they live, work, or study separately

racial segregation

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27
Q

Glasnost

ˈglɑːsnoʊst

A

the policy begun by Mikhail Gorbachev in the USSR in the 1980s of allowing discussion of the country’s problems

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28
Q

Pearl

pɜːrl

A

a small round white object that forms inside an oyster, and is a valuable jewel

a pearl necklace

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29
Q

Adj.

Contrary

ˈkɑːntreri

A

contrary ideas, opinions, or actions are completely different and opposed to each other
SYN: Opposing

The government’s actions are contrary to the public interest.

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30
Q

Millennium

mɪˈleniəm

A

a period of 1,000 years
Plural: Millennia

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31
Q

Spectacular

spekˈtækjʊələr

A

very impressive

a mountainous area with spectacular scenery

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32
Q

n.

Monument

ˈmɒ:njʊəmənt

A

a building, statue, or other large structure that is built to remind people of an important event or famous person

بنای یاد بود

a fitting monument to the men who died in the battle

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33
Q

Bygone

ˈbaɪgɒ:n

A

a period of time in the past

The buildings reflect the elegance of a bygone era.

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34
Q

Irrigate

ˈɪrɪəgeɪt

A

to supply land or crops with water

The water in Lake Powell is used to irrigate the area.

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35
Q

Utilitarian

juːˌtɪlɪəˈteriən

A

intended to be useful and practical rather than attractive or comfortable

ugly utilitarian buildings

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36
Q

Heyday

ˈheɪdeɪ

A

the time when someone or something was most popular, successful, or powerful

Greta Garbo in her heyday

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37
Q

Worship

ˈwɜːrʃɪp

A

The activity of praying or singing in a religious building in order to show respect and love for a god

The ceremony must take place in a recognized place of worship.

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38
Q

Comprise

kəmˈpraɪz

A

to consist of particular parts, groups etc
SYN: Constitute

Iran comprise 24 country.
⚠ Do not say that something ‘comprises of’ things or people.

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39
Q

Recede

rɪˈsiːd

A

if your hair recedes, you gradually lose the hair at the front of your head

He was in his mid-forties, with a receding hairline.

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40
Q

Storey

ˈstɔːri

A

a floor or level of a building

a staircase leads to the upper storey

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41
Q

Intricate

ˈɪntrɪkɪət

A

containing many small parts or details that all work or fit together➔ complex

intricate patterns

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42
Q

Scalpture

ˈskʌlptʃə

A

an object made out of stone, wood, clay etc by an artist

a sculpture of an elephant

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43
Q

Embellish

ɪmˈbelɪʃ

A

to make something more beautiful by adding decorations to it
SYN: Decorate

The dress was embellished with gold threads.

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44
Q

Comb

Kom

A

to make hair look tidy using a comb

Melanie ran upstairs to comb her hair.

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45
Q

Churning butter

A

Churning is the process of shaking up cream or whole milk to make butter, usually using a butter churn.

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46
Q

Derelict

ˈderɪəlɪkt

A

a derelict building or piece of land is in very bad condition because it has not been used for a long time

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47
Q

Silt up

A

if something silts up or is silted up, it becomes filled with silt

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48
Q

Pristine

ˈprɪstiːn

A

تر و تازه
extremely fresh or clean

The car has been restored to pristine condition.

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49
Q

Afar

əˈfɑːr

A

from a long distance away

I saw him from afar.

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50
Q

Ornate

ɔːrˈneɪt

A

covered with a lot of decoration

an ornate gold mirror

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51
Q

Veranda

vəˈrændə

A

an open area with a floor and a roof that is attached to the side of a house at ground level
SYN: Porch

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52
Q

Colonnade

ˌkɒ:ləˈneɪd

A

a row of upright stone posts that usually support a roof or row of arches

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53
Q

V.

Flock

flɑːk

A

if people flock to a place, they go there in large numbers because something interesting or exciting is happening there

People have been flocking to the exhibition.

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54
Q

Ingenuity

ˌɪndʒəˈnjuːɪəti

A

skill at inventing things and thinking of new ideas

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55
Q

Conceive

kənˈsiːv

A

to imagine a particular situation or to think about something in a particular way

Niloofar can’t conceive of a dinner without rice.

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56
Q

Vigorious

ˈvɪgərəs

A

using a lot of energy and strength or determination

Your dog needs at least 20 minutes of vigorous exercise every day.

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57
Q

Inundate

ˈɪnəndeɪt

A

اشباع ، سرشلوغ
to receive so much of something that you cannot easily deal with it all
SYN: Swamp

After the broadcast, we were inundated with requests for more informatio

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58
Q

Shoddy

ˈʃɒ:di

A

unfair and dishonest

shoddy journalism

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59
Q

v.

Infringe on/upon something

ɪnˈfrɪndʒ

A

to limit someone’s freedom in some way

Students argued that the rule infringed on their right to free speech.

تخلف کردن از، تجاوز کردن از
معانی دیگر: (قول و قرار یا قانون و غیره را) شکستن، تخطی کردن، زیر پا گذاشتن، (به حقوق دیگران) تجاوز کردن، تعدی

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60
Q

n.

Avalanche

ˈævəlɑntʃ

A

a large mass of snow, ice, and rocks that falls down the side of a mountain

an avalanche of something: He received an avalanche of applications.

The avalanche that followed the heavy snowfall was as sudden as it was deadly.

نزول ناگهانی و عظیم هر چیزی
معانی دیگر: هر چیزی که ناگهان و به مقدار زیاد فرا رسد، سیل، آوار برف، بهمن وار فروریختن، بشکل بهمن فرودامدن

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61
Q

Counterpart

ˈkaʊntərpɑːrt

A

someone or something that has the same job or purpose as someone or something else in a different place

Belgian officials are discussing this with their French counterparts.

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62
Q

v.

Stipulate

ˈstɪpjʊəleɪt

formal

A

f an agreement, law, or rule stipulates something, it must be done
SYN: State

الزام آور کردن

The regulations stipulate that everything has to comply to the relevant safety standards.

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63
Q

v.

Decree

dɪˈkriː

A

to make an official judgment or give an official order

The King decreed that there should be an end to the fighting.

حکم کردن

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64
Q

Comet

ˈkɒ:mɪət

A

an object in space like a bright ball with a long tail, that moves around the sun

Halley’s comet

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65
Q

Canyon

ˈkænjən

A

a deep valley with very steep sides of rock that usually has a river running through it

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66
Q

Adv.

In part

A

To some extent, partly (often used to contrast different parts of something)

تا حدی

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67
Q

As if

A

Pretend to be

گویی

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68
Q

Ornament

A

A thing used or serving to make sth look more attractive

وسیله تزئینی

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69
Q

Smith

A

آهنگر
Metalsmith
Goldsmith
زرگر

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70
Q

Ferocity

A

وحشیگری

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71
Q

Demonic

A

اهریمنی

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72
Q

Debris

A

زباله

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73
Q

Constitute

A

تشکیل دادن

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74
Q

Costal plains

A

دشت های ساحلی

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75
Q

Outset

A

Beginning

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76
Q

Curtail

A

Set limit

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77
Q

Crops

A

محصولات

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78
Q

Deplete

A

خالی شدن

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79
Q

Patrol

A

گشت

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80
Q

Held Abeyance

A

متوقف شده

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81
Q

Advertent

A

آگاهانه
خودخواسته
Opp: inadvertent

82
Q

Rigruous

A

سختگیر

83
Q

Forgo

A

چشم پوشی کردن

84
Q

Ancestor

A

جد

85
Q

Pertinent

A

Related مرتبط

86
Q

Substantial

A

قابل توجه

87
Q

Mishap
|mis’hap

A

بدبختی

88
Q

Subtly

A

بطور ظریف

89
Q

Soothe

A

آرام کردن

90
Q

Disguise

A

مبدل کردن

91
Q

Burrow

A

زیر زمین لانه کردن

92
Q

Spurs

A

خار

93
Q

Impulsive

A

تکانشی، لحظه‌ای بدون فکر به عواقب

94
Q

Reconcile

A

سازگار کردن
وفق دادن
Bring into harmony

95
Q

Abundant

A

فراوان

96
Q

Stifle

A

خفه کردن ، خاموش کردن

97
Q

Insomnia

A

بی‌خوابی

98
Q

Apparent

A

آشکار

99
Q

Consecutive

A

متوالی

100
Q

Exemplary

A

نمونه

101
Q

Neglect

A

بی‌توجهی

102
Q

Resembles

A

شبیه

103
Q

n.

Proprietor

p(r)əˈprīədər

Formal

A

an owner of a business

the proprietor of a small hotel and restaurant

مالک

newspaper/garage/cafe etc proprietor

104
Q

n.

Discrepancy

ˌdisˈkrepənsē

A

a difference between two amounts, details, reports etc that should be the same

Police found discrepancies in the two men’s reports.

Also: discrepancy between the ideal image of motherhood and the reality
اختلاف، تفاوت، عدم توافق
معانی دیگر: ناهم خوانی، تناقض

105
Q

v.

Perpetrate

ˈpɜː.pə.treɪt

Formal

A

to commit a crime or a violent or harmful act

Who could have perpetrated such a dreadful crime?

مرتکب شدن، مقصر بودن، مرتکب کردن

106
Q

Dissolve

dəˈzälv

A

(A) BECOME PART OF LIQUID: if a solid dissolves, or if you dissolve it, it mixes with a liquid and becomes part of it Stir until the sugar dissolves.
* dissolve in:
Sugar dissolves in water.
* dissolve something in something:
Dissolve the tablet in water.

(B) END to formally end a parliament, business arrangement, marriage etc
The monarch had the power to dissolve parliament.

(C) → dissolve into/in laughter/tears etc

(D) BECOME WEAKER: to gradually become smaller or weaker before disappearing, or to make something do this

Her enthusiasm dissolved his shyness.

محلول شدن، حل کردن، منحل کردن

107
Q

Halve

hav

A

نصف کردن

108
Q

Proclivity

prōˈklivədē

A

تمایل
a tendency to choose or do something regularly; an inclination or predisposition toward a particular thing
##footnote
A proclivity for hard work

109
Q

Severe

se’vir

A

شدید

110
Q

Rear

A

Rear child
تربیت

111
Q

Supplanted

A

جایگزین شده

112
Q

Demintia

A

زوال عقل
معمولی‌ترینش آلزایمر هست

113
Q

Apt

æpt

A

to have a natural tendency to do something
SYN: Tend to

Some of the staff are apt to arrive late on Mondays.

برخی از کارکنان این امکان را دارند که روزهای دوشنبه دیر بیایند.

متمایل

114
Q

Tally

ˈtalē

A

calculate the total number of

the votes were being tallied with abacuses.

شمارش

115
Q

Tally

ˈtalē

A

calculate the total number of

the votes were being tallied with abacuses.

شمارش

116
Q

Rebate

‘rēˌbāt

A

Refund

117
Q

Mound

mound

A

a small hill.

118
Q

Hover

ˈhəvər

A

تو یه سطح خاصی یا نزدیکش باقی مومونه
remain at or near a particular level

inflation will hover around the 4 percent mark.

119
Q

Arithmetic

əˈriTHməˌtik

A

حسابی

Arithmetic means
میانگین حسابی

120
Q

Inclusive

inˈklo͞osiv

A

including

121
Q

Sophomore

ˈsäf(ə)ˌmôr

A

a second-year college or high school student

Freshman: a first-year college or high school student

her 16-year-old twin sons are sophomores | [as modifier] : Frances taught sophomore English.

122
Q

Dispersion

diˈspərSHən

A

the extent to which values of a variable differ from a fixed value such as the mean.

پراکندگی

123
Q

Adj.

Roundabout

ˈroundəˌbout

A

not saying what is meant clearly and directly; circumlocutory

in a roundabout way, he was fishing for information.

124
Q

Pervasive

pərˈvāsiv

A

(especially of an unwelcome influence or physical effect) spreading widely throughout an area or a group of people

همه گیر
ageism is pervasive and entrenched in our society.

125
Q

Urban

ˈərbən

A

in, relating to, or characteristic of a town or city

the urban population.

شهری

126
Q

Disperse

dəˈspərs

A

distribute or spread over a wide area

storms can disperse seeds via high altitudes | camping sites could be dispersed among trees so as to be out of sight.

127
Q

Foci

ˈfōˌkī

A

Focuses

128
Q

Squarley

ˈskwerlē

A

directly, without deviating to one side

Ashley looked at him squarely.

129
Q

Overlook

ˌōvərˈlo͝ok

A

fail to notice (something)

he seems to have overlooked one important fact.

نادیده گرفتن

130
Q

Emperical

A

based on, concerned with, or verifiable by observation or experience rather than theory or pure logic

شواهد تجربی emperical evidence

they provided considerable empirical evidence to support their argument.

131
Q

Refutation

ˌrefyəˈtāSH(ə)n

A

the action of proving a statement or theory to be wrong or false

scientific theory is always tentative, open to refutation | [count noun] : he fails to give a clear refutation of the argument.

132
Q

Confound

kənˈfound

A

گیج کردن
cause surprise or confusion in (someone), especially by acting against their expectations

the inflation figure confounded economic analysts.

133
Q

Eradicate

əˈradəˌkāt

A

destroy completely; put an end to

this disease has been eradicated from the world.

ریشه کن کردن

134
Q

Harbour

ˈhärbər

A

شک و تردید
keep (a thought or feeling, typically a negative one) in one’s mind, especially secretly

she started to harbor doubts about the wisdom of their journey.

135
Q

Litigation

ˌlidəˈɡāSHən

A

the process of taking legal action
دعوی قضایی

the company wishes to avoid litigation.

136
Q

Presupposition

ˌprēˌsəpəˈziSH(ə)n

A

a thing tacitly assumed beforehand at the beginning of a line of argument or course of action

images that challenge presuppositions about feminine handiwork.

پیش فرض

137
Q

v.

Remedy

ˈremədē

A

set right (an undesirable situation)

رفع یک مشکل

by the time a problem becomes patently obvious, it may be almost too late to remedy it.

138
Q

Arbitrary

ˈärbəˌtrerē

A

based on random choice or personal whim, rather than any reason or system

his mealtimes were entirely arbitrary.

همینجوری دلبخواهی، خودسرانه

139
Q

Blatantly

ˈblāt(ə)ntlē

A

in an open and unashamed manner

آشکارانه (وقیحانه طور)

yet another space show that blatantly disregarded scientific fact | [as submodifier] : she didn’t want to be blatantly rude.

140
Q

Purport

pərˈpôrt

A

appear or claim to be or do something, especially falsely; profess

she is not the person she purports to be.

تظاهر
مدعی

141
Q

The name of seasons’ months

A

Spring: March, April, May,
Summer: June, July, August,
Fall: September, October, November,
Winter: December, January, February,

142
Q

Oppose

əˈpōz

A
  1. disapprove of and attempt to prevent, especially by argument
  2. to fight or compete against another person or group in a battle, competition, or election:

  • Those of you who oppose capital punishment.
    کسانی از شما که مخالف مجازات اعدام هستند.
  • He is opposed by two other candidates.
    او با دو نامزد دیگر مخالف است.
143
Q

v.

Reared

rir

A

(usually be reared) bring up and care for (a child) until they are fully grown, especially in a particular manner or place

he was born and reared in New York City | a generation reared on video.

144
Q

v.

Underlie

ˌəndərˈlī

A

be a significant cause or basis of (something) even if not necessarily manifest or obvious

زمینه ساز

the fundamental issue that underlies the conflict | the fear of loss underlay his extreme jealousy.

145
Q

adj.

Nominal

ˈnämən(ə)l

A

(of a price or amount of money) very small; far below the real value or cost

some firms charge only a nominal fee for the service.

146
Q

v.

Debilitate

dəˈbiləˌtāt

Formal

A

make (someone) weak and infirm

ضعیف کردن، ناتوان کردن

ضعیف کردن، ناتوان کردن

a weakness that debilitates him despite his overwhelming physical might.

147
Q

Concede

kənˈsēd

A

admit that something is true or valid after first denying or resisting it

اعتراف کردن

[with clause] : I had to concede that I’d overreacted | [with object] : that principle now seems to have been conceded.

148
Q

n.

Lead

leaded gasoline

A

سرب

149
Q

Tamper

ˈtampər

A

(tamper with) interfere with (something) in order to cause damage or make unauthorized alterations

خرابکاری ، دستکاری

someone tampered with the brakes on my car.

150
Q

Contaminate

kənˈtamənāt

A

make (something) impure by exposure to or addition of a poisonous or polluting substance

آلوده کردن

the site was found to be contaminated by radioactivity | figurative : celebrity has contaminated every aspect of public life.

151
Q

Inadmissible

ˌinədˈmisəb(ə)l

A

(especially of evidence in court) not accepted as valid.

غیر قابل قبول

152
Q

Drawn

drôn

A

Can be formulate or perceive (a comparison or distinction)

the law drew a clear distinction between innocent and fraudulent misrepresentation.

153
Q

Stimulus

ˈstimyələs

A

محرک

a thing or event that evokes a specific functional reaction in an organ or tissue: areas of the brain which respond to auditory stimuli.
* a thing that rouses activity or energy in someone or something; a spur or incentive.
* an interesting and exciting quality: she loved the stimulus of the job.
* a set of temporary financial measures enacted by a government that is intended to encourage economic growth during a recession: the stimulus was created to save 150,000 jobs.

154
Q

Gut instinct

ɡʌt ˈɪnstɪŋkt

A

an instinctive feeling, as opposed to an opinion or idea based on facts.
غریزه درونی

trusting his gut instinct

For all the wonders of modern technology, there is no substitute for the gut instinct of a skilled police officer.

155
Q

Neutral

ˈno͞otr(ə)l

A

not helping or supporting either side in a conflict, disagreement, etc.; impartial

بی طرف ، خنثی

the tone was neutral, devoid of sentiment | a fairly neutral background will make any small splash of color stand out.

156
Q

Incumbent

inˈkəmbənt

A

the holder of an office or post

the present incumbent will soon be retiring.

رئیس، متصدی

157
Q

Justify

ˈjəstəˌfī

A

show or prove to be right or reasonable

the person appointed has fully justified our confidence.

تصدیق کردن، توجیه کردن، حق دادن، برهان آوردن، بی‌گناه دونستن

158
Q

Recommence

ˌrēkəˈmens

A

begin or cause to begin again

[no object] : the war recommenced | [with object] : it was agreed to recommence talks.

159
Q

Counsel

ˈkouns(ə)l

A

give advice to (someone)

he was counseled by his supporters to return to Germany.

160
Q

Intermediary

ˌin(t)ərˈmēdēˌerē

A

لابلا - میانجی
Go between

In som CR questions, however, we’ss encounter conclusions that consists of evidence, premises, and, sometimes, intermediary conclusions; no conclusions are stated.

  • evidence is plural. Do not say evidences!
161
Q

Amalgamation

əˌmalɡəˈmāSHən

A

the action, process, or result of combining or uniting

ادغام

the threat of amalgamation with a competitor | an amalgamation of two separate companies.

162
Q

Exhaustive

iɡˈzôstiv

A

examining, including, or considering all elements or aspects; fully comprehensive

جامع

she has undergone exhaustive tests since becoming ill.

163
Q

Stencil

ˈstensəl

A

to make a design, letters etc using a stencil

طراحی مثل شابلون یا ابالفضل رو شله زرد

164
Q

n.

Well

A

a deep hole in the ground from which people take water

She lowered her bucket into the well.

چاه

165
Q

v.

Well

A
  1. if a liquid wells or wells up, it comes to the surface of something and starts to flow out
  2. if a feeling wells or wells up in you, you start to feel it strongly

اشک در چشمان هنا حلقه زد

I felt tears well up in my eyes.
Anger welled up within him.

166
Q

Illicit

ɪˈlɪsɪət

A

not allowed by laws or rules, or strongly disapproved of by society
SYN: illegal

illicit drugs
the illicit trade in stolen cattle

167
Q

Intravenous

ˌɪntrəˈviːnəs◂

A

through or into a vein

intravenous injection
تزریق وریدی

168
Q

Secluded

sɪˈkluːdɪəd

A

very private and quite

Mr.Taghi intravenously inject illicit drug in a secluded place

دنج و تاریک مثلا

169
Q

Exacerbate

ɪgˈzæsərbeɪt

A

to make a bad situation worse

تشدید کردن
بدتر کردن

  • The recession has exacerbated this problem.
  • I don’t want to exacerbate the situation.
170
Q

v., n.

Spur

spɜːr

A

(noun) any sharply pointed projection
(verb) to make an improvement or change happen faster
SYN: Encourage

Lower taxes would spur investment and help economic growth.

برانگیختن، تحریک کردن
مالیات های پایین تر به سرمایه گذاری و کمک به رشد اقتصادی کمک می کند.

171
Q

Condiment

ˈkɒndɪəmənt

A

چاشنی

172
Q

Eschew

formal

A

to deliberately avoid doing or using something

I had eschewed politics in favour of a life practising law.

173
Q

Offset

ˌɒːfˈset

A

if the cost or amount of something offsets another cost or amount, the two things have an opposite effect so that the situation remains the same

جبران هزینه و خسارت

Cuts in prices for milk, butter, and cheese will be offset by direct payments to farmers.

174
Q

Negation

A
175
Q

Caveat

ˈkæviæt

A

a warning that something may not be completely true, effective etc

She will be offered treatment, with the caveat that it may not work.

اخطار

176
Q

Cellar

ˈselər

A

a room under a house or other building, often used for storing things
SYN: Basement

a coal cellar

177
Q

Merit

ˈmerɪət

A

formal a good quality that makes someone or something deserve praise.

There is never any merit in being second best.

شایستگی

178
Q

v.

Abstain

əbˈsteɪn

A

to not do or have something you enjoy, especially alcohol or sex, usually for reasons of religion or health

Pilots must abstain from alcohol for 24 hours before flying.

پرهیز کردن

Mnemonic: ab+stay(means stop)

179
Q

Prison sentence

A

حکم زندان

Collocation:
* pass sentence formal (=officially say what someone’s punishment will be)It is now my duty to pass sentence.
صدور حکم

180
Q

Upheaval

ʌpˈhiːvəl

A

a very big change that often causes problems

political upheaval
آشوب سیاسی

181
Q

Point out

Phrasal verb

A

To tell someone something that they did not already know or had not thought about

خاطر نشان کردن

Some economists have pointed out that low inflation is not necessarily a good thing.

182
Q

Hasty

ˈheɪsti

A

done in a hurry, especially with bad results
SYN: Hurried

عجولانه

  1. He soon regretted his hasty decision.
  2. a hasty breakfast
183
Q

Rowdy

ˈraʊdi

A

behaving in a noisy rough way that is likely to cause arguments and fighting

gangs of rowdy youths

مزاحمت

184
Q

Rectify

ˈrektɪəfaɪ

A

to correct something that is wrong
SYN: Put right

اصلاح کردن

I did my best to rectify the situation, but the damage was already done.

185
Q

Subtly

ˈsʌtli

A

not easy to notice or understand unless you pay careful attention
OPP: Obvious

a subtle form of racism

زیر پوستی!

186
Q

Provide vs. Present

A

provide means, supply (i.e., Students must provide proof that they are a student), whereas present means, show (i.e., Students must show their ID)

187
Q

Proliferation

prəˌlɪfəˈreɪʃən

A

a sudden increase in the amount or number of something

the proliferation of Artificial Intelligence

گسترش فراگیر

188
Q

Vehement

ˈviːəmənt

A

showing very strong feelings or opinions

Despite vehement opposition, the Act became law.

مخالفت سفت

189
Q

Analogy

əˈnælədʒi

A

something that seems similar between two situations, processes

analogies between human and animal behaviour

مقایسه

190
Q

Countervailing

ˌkaʊntərˈveɪlɪŋ

Formal

A

with an equally strong but opposite effect

مخالفت به همان شدت

the dominance of the party was mediated by a number of countervailing factors

191
Q

Cosmology

kɑːzˈmɑːlədʒi

A

کیهان شناسی

192
Q

Raffle

ˈræfəl

A

a competition or game in which people buy numbered tickets and can win prizes

a woman selling raffle tickets

قرعه کشی

193
Q

Palindrome

ˈpælɪəndroʊm

A

a word or phrase such as ‘deed’ or ‘level’, which is the same when you spell it backwards

194
Q

Enlargement

ɪnˈlɑːrdʒmənt

A

an increase in size or amount:

بزرگ شدن

195
Q

Brick

brɪk

A

Brick layer آجرچین

196
Q

Congruent

ˈkɒ:ŋgruənt

Formal

A

fitting together well

متجانس

197
Q

Snugly

snʌgli

A

SYN: tight
Snugling در آغوش گرفتن

محکم

198
Q

Opt

ɑːpt

A

to choose one thing or do one thing instead of another

Many young people are opting to go on to college.

انتخاب کردن
بسیاری از جوانان تصمیم به ادامه تحصیل در دانشگاه دارند.

199
Q

v.

Coin

A

o invent a new word or expression, especially one that many people start to use

The word ‘aromatherapy’ was coined in the 1920s.

ابداع یک کلمه یا عبارت

200
Q

In fact

A

used when you are adding something, especially something surprising, to emphasize what you have just said

I know the mayor really well. In fact, I had dinner with her last week.

من شهردار را به خوبی می شناسم. در واقع هفته گذشته با او شام خوردم.

201
Q

akin to something

əˈkɪn

Formal

A

very similar to something

Something akin to panic overwhelmed him.

چیزی شبیه به وحشت او را فرا گرفت.

Iman's Vocabulary (9 decks)

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