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Iman's Vocabulary > Essential words - Deck 2 > Flashcards

Essential words - Deck 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Evoke

ɪˈvoʊk

A

to bring to mind

The photographs evoked strong memories of our holidays in France.

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2
Q

n.

Image

ˈɪmɪdʒ

A

a mental picture

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3
Q

Sway

sweɪ

A

to move back and forth

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4
Q

Benefit

ˈbenɪəfɪt

A

the use; advantage of

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5
Q

Stereotype

ˈsteriətaɪp,

A

a fixed idea people have, especially one that is wrong

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6
Q

Tradition

trəˈdɪʃən

A

the custom or belief of a group of people

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7
Q

n.

Altar

ˈɒːltər

A

a table or similar structure for religious ceremonies

a crucifix above the high altar (=the main altar in a church)

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8
Q

Accompany

əˈkʌmpəni

A

to go with; happen at the same time

Children under 14 must be accompanied by an adult.

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9
Q

Ritual

ˈrɪtʃuəl

A

footnote

a set of actions used as part of a ceremony

The lady performs the sacred ritual of lighting candle

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10
Q

Evidence

ˈevɪədəns

A

signs; proof something is or is not true

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11
Q

Discourage

dɪsˈkɜːrɪdʒ

A

to try to stop or prevent something

attempts to discourage illegal immigration

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12
Q

v.

Revive

rɪˈvaɪv

A

to bring back to life

Local people have decided to revive this centuries-old tradition.

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13
Q

n.

Reign

reɪn

A

the period of time that a king or queen is in power

the reign of James I

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14
Q

Celebration

ˌselɪəˈbreɪʃən

A

a social event to mark a special day or occasion

I think this is a cause for celebration.

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15
Q

n.

Influence

ˈɪnfluəns

A

an effect; power

As a scientist, his influence was immense.

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16
Q

adj.

Energitic

ˌenərˈdʒetɪk◂

A

having a lot of energy

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17
Q

Graceful

ˈgreɪsfəl

A

having beauty of movement

Her movements were graceful and elegant.

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18
Q

adj.

Elaborate

ɪˈlæbərɪət

A

having a lot of detail and decoration

a very elaborate telecommunications network

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19
Q

Floral

ˈflɔːrəl

A

relatted to flowers

There were floral tributes from his colleagues.

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20
Q

Garland

ˈgɑːrlənd

A

a decorative rope of flowers or leaves

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21
Q

Gesture

ˈdʒestʃər

A

a movement to express a feeling or idea

Luke made an obscene gesture with his finger.

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22
Q

Portray

pɔːˈtreɪ

A

to represent; act out
SYN: Depict

Religion was portrayed in a negative way.

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23
Q

n.

Prop

prɑːp

A

a small object such as a book, weapon etc, used by actors in a play or film

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24
Q

Culminate

ˈkʌlmɪəneɪt

A

to result in; end with

به حد اعلی رسیدن

A series of events for teachers and students will culminate in a Shakespeare festival next year.

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25
Q

Renowned

rɪˈnaʊnd

A

famous

He’s renowned as a brilliant speaker.

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26
Q

Prominent

ˈprɒ:mɪənənt

A

important; major

The World Cup will have a prominent place on the agenda.

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27
Q

Emerge

ɪˈmɜːrdʒ

A

to apear; develop

Later it emerged that the judge had employed an illegal immigrant.

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28
Q

Illusion

ɪˈluːʒən

A

appearance of being real; false impression

She was under no illusion that he loved her.

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29
Q

Reminiscent

ˌremɪəˈnɪsənt

A

similar to; reminding of something

a style strongly reminiscent of Virginia Woolf’s novels

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30
Q

Considerably

kənˈsɪdərəbli

A

a great deal; noticeably

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31
Q

Atmosphere

ˈætməsfɪr

A

the feeling of a place

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32
Q

Merge

mɜːrdʒ

A

to combine

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33
Q

Abstract

ˈæbstrækt

A

not concrete; related to ideas or feelings

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34
Q

Literal

ˈlɪtərəl

A

following the exact meaning

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35
Q

Conflict

ˈkɒ:nflɪkt

A

difficulty; opposition

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36
Q

Humorous

ˈhjuːmərəs

A

funny; entertaining

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37
Q

Exaggerated

ɪgˈzædʒəreɪtɪəd

A

made to seem more or bigger

The revenue figures may be slightly exaggerated.

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38
Q

Sharpen sth ↔ up

ˈʃɑːrpən

A

to improve; perfect

The course will help students sharpen their writing skills.

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39
Q

Effectively

ɪˈfektɪvli

A

well; successfully

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40
Q

Frailty

ˈfreɪlti

A

weakness

the frailty of her thin body

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41
Q

Shortage

ˈʃɔːrtɪdʒ

A

a situation where there is not enough of sth

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42
Q

v.

Cripple

ˈkrɪpəl

A

فلج کردن
to cause serious damage; weaken

Industry is being crippled by high interest rates.

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43
Q

Complex

kɑːmˈpleks◂

A

not simple

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44
Q

Vacancy

ˈveɪkənsi

A

a position or job that needs to be filled

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45
Q

adv.

Abroad

əˈbrɒːd

A

in a foreign country

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46
Q

Standpoint

ˈstændpɔɪnt

A

point of view

a discussion of marriage from the standpoint of women

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47
Q

Lure

lʊr

A

to attract

The bank launched an advertising campaign to lure back its traditional c

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48
Q

Primary

ˈpraɪmeri

A

main; most important

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49
Q

Decline

dɪˈklaɪn

A

to gradually go lower; become smaller

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50
Q

Estimate

ˈestɪəmɪət

A

to guess based on information

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51
Q

Bulk

bʌlk

A

the largest part

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52
Q

Rudimentary

ˌruːdɪəˈmentəri◂

A

ناقص، بدوی، ناقص
basic; not well developed
OPP: Sophisticated

Gradually, I acquired a rudimentary knowledge of music.

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53
Q

Epidemic

ˌepɪəˈdemɪk◂

A

rapid spread of a disease

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54
Q

Rampant

ˈræmpənt

A

لجام گسیخته

spreading out of control

Iran’s economy suffered from a rampant inflation

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55
Q

Administer

formal

A

to give medicine or medical treatment

This unit teaches students how to administer first aid.

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56
Q

v.

Stem

stem

formal

A

to stop the flow of a liquid:

A tight bandage should stem the bleeding.

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57
Q

n.

Supply

səˈplaɪ

A

the total amout available

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58
Q

Decade

deˈkeɪd

A

a period of ten years

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59
Q

Qualified

ˈkwɒ:lɪəfaɪd

A

skilled; able to do a job

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60
Q

Retain

rɪˈteɪn

A

to keep

You have the right to retain possession of the goods.

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61
Q

adj.

Aerobic

eˈroʊbɪk

A

relating to energitic exercise

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62
Q

Mood

mood lightens

A

a feeling; a state of mind

Collocations:
mood lightens: If an atmosphere lightens or a mood lightens, it becomes more relaxed or cheerful than it was.

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63
Q

Cognition

kɒ:gˈnɪʃən

A

the use of mental process

the regions of the brain that are responsible for memory and cognition

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64
Q

Disorder

dɪsˈɔːdər

A

a disease or illness

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65
Q

Stimulate

ˈstɪmjʊəleɪt

A

to cause a response
OPP: Suppess

Light stimulates plant growth.

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66
Q

Regulate

ˈregjʊəleɪt

A

to control

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67
Q

Rodent

ˈroʊdənt

A

the group of small animals that includes mice and rats

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68
Q

n.

Concentration

ˌkɒnsənˈtreɪʃən

A

a large amount of something in a particular place or among particular people

the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere

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69
Q

Dementia

dɪˈmenʃiə

A

an illness that affects the brain and memory, and makes you gradually lose the ability to think and behave normally

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70
Q

Spatial

ˈspeɪʃəl

A

relating to the position, size, shape etc of things

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71
Q

Stave off

steiv

A

to keep someone or something from reaching you or affecting you for a period of time

جلوگیری کردن

She brought some fruit on the journey to stave off hunger.

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72
Q

Gravity

ˈgrævɪəti

formal

A

the extreme and worrying seriousness of a situation

I could not hide from her the gravity of the situation.

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73
Q

Capacity

kəˈpæsɪəti

A

the amount or quantity that sth can hold

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74
Q

Deteriration

dɪˌtɪrɪˈreɪʃən

A

the process of becomming worse

uncountable

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75
Q

Diagnose

ˈdaɪəgnəʊz

A

to identify an illness

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76
Q

Indicate

ˈɪndɪəkeɪt

A

to show

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77
Q

Counteract

ˌkaʊntərˈækt

A

to work against

They gave him drugs to counteract his withdrawal symptoms.

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78
Q

Link

lɪŋk

A

connection

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79
Q

Impaired

ɪmˈperd

A

damaged or weakend

impaired vision

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80
Q

Previously

ˈpriːviəsli

A

before

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81
Q

Theoretical

θɪə:ˈretɪkəl

A

abstract; based on theory

82
Q

Investigation

ɪnˌvestɪˈgeɪʃən

A

a study

83
Q

Fraction

ˈfrækʃən

A

a small part

84
Q

Manufacture

ˌmænjʊəˈfæktʃə

A

to produce

85
Q

Target

A
86
Q

Culture

ˈkʌltʃə

A

organic materials grown in a labratory situation

tissue cultures

87
Q

Desirable

dɪˈzaɪrəbəl

A

wanted; worth having

88
Q

Enhance

ɪnˈhæns

A

to improve

The publicity has enhanced his reputation.

89
Q

Outcome

ˈaʊtkʌm

A

result

90
Q

Absorb

əbˈzɔːrb

A

to take in

91
Q

Toxic

ˈtɒ:ksɪk

A

poisonous

92
Q

Deem

diːm

A

to believe; judge
SYN: Consider

They deemed that he was no longer capable of managing the business.

93
Q

v.

Recur

rɪˈkɜːr

A

to happen or occur again

Love is a recurring theme in the book.

94
Q

Chronic

ˈkrɒ:nɪk

A

long-lasting

95
Q

Ascertain

ˌæsərˈteɪn

A

مشخص کردن
to determine; find out
SYN: Establish

A postmortem was ordered to try to ascertain the cause of death.

96
Q

Combat

ˈkɒ:mbæt

A

to fight against

97
Q

Monitor

ˈmɑːnɪətər

A

to watch; observe

98
Q

Interval

ˈɪntərvəl

A

the period between two times or events

99
Q

Alleviate

əˈliːvieɪt

A

to lessen; ease

a new medicine to alleviate the symptoms of flu

100
Q

Substance

ˈsʌbstəns

A

material

101
Q

Imagination

ɪˌmædʒɪəˈneɪʃən

A

the ability to think creatively or form pictures in the mind

102
Q

Archeologist

ˌɑːkiˈɒlədʒist

A

a person who studies ancient cultures

103
Q

Native

ˈneɪtɪv

A

original to a place

104
Q

Site

saɪt

A

place

105
Q

Ceremonial

ˌserɪəˈmoʊniəl◂

A

related to traditional or formal practices

Native American ceremonial robes

تشریفاتی

106
Q

Construct

kənˈstrʌkt

A

to build

107
Q

Precisely

prɪˈsaɪsli

A

exactly

Temperature can be measured precisely.

Formal: ‘It needs to be dealt with now.’ ‘Precisely, before it gets any worse.’

108
Q

Spectacular

spekˈtækjʊələr

A

wonderful to see

a mountainous area with spectacular scenery

109
Q

Mystery

ˈmɪstəri

A

sth strange, unknown, or difficult to understand

Twenty years after the event, his death remains a mystery.

110
Q

Draw

drɒː

A

to attract; pull

The festival is likely to draw huge crowds.

111
Q

Adventurous

ədˈventʃərəs

A

daring; willing to try new or dangerous activities

112
Q

Network

ˈnetwɜːrk

A

a system of various parts that work together

113
Q

n.

Marvel

ˈmɑːrvəl

A

a wonderful thing
SYN: Miracle

an engineering marvel

114
Q

v.

Institute

ˈɪnstɪətuːt

A

اقدام کردن
to begin

We had no choice but to institute court proceedings against the airline.

115
Q

Restriction

rɪˈstrɪkʃən

A

an official limit on sth

116
Q

Preserve

prɪˈzɜːrv

A

to protect; save

We must encourage the planting of new trees and preserve our existing woodlands.

117
Q

Pertain to sth

pəˈteɪn

A

be related to sth

legislation pertaining to employment rights

118
Q

Luxury

ˈlʌkʃəri

A

something expensive that you do not need, but you buy for pleasure and enjoyment
OPP: Necessity

119
Q

Accessible

əkˈsesɪəbəl

A

reachable; easy to get
OPP: Inaccessible

120
Q

Upside

ˈʌpsaɪd

A

advantage; good part
OPP: Downside

The upside of the whole thing is that we got a free trip to Jamaica.

121
Q

Concept

ˈkɒ:nsept

A

idea

122
Q

Publicity

pʌˈblɪsɪəti

A

activity that makes smth known to the public

123
Q

Practice

ˈpræktɪəs

A

a custom; method

124
Q

Injure

ˈɪndʒər

A

to hurt

125
Q

Strive

straɪv

A

to work very hard to do sth

I was still striving to be successful.

126
Q

Avoid

əˈvɔɪd

A

to prevent from happening; stay away from

127
Q

Category

ˈkætɪəgɔːri

A

a group of things that have sth in common

128
Q

Destination

ˌdestɪəˈneɪʃən

A

the place sb or sth is going to

129
Q

Volunteer

vɑːlənˈtɪr

A

to work for no pay; freely offer to do sth

130
Q

Wilderness

ˈwɪldənɪəs

A

natural region away from towns and cities

the Alaskan wilderness

131
Q

Accommodations

əˌkɒməˈdeɪʃənz

A

a place to stay such as a hotel

132
Q

Recycling

riːˈsaɪklɪŋ

A

collection and treatment of trash for reuse

133
Q

Barrier

ˈbæriər

A

sth that blocks or separates

134
Q

Culprit

ˈkʌlprɪət

A

guilty party; origin of a problem

Police finally managed to catch the culprit.

135
Q

Dump

dʌmp

A

to get rid of garbage and trash

136
Q

Delicate

ˈdelɪkɪət

A

easily hurt or broken
SYN: Fragile

137
Q

Pleasure

ˈpleʒər

A

enjoyment

138
Q

Remote

rɪˈmoʊt

A

far away

139
Q

adj.

Wary

ˈweri

A

not completely trusting

I’m a bit wary of driving in this fog.

Keep a wary eye on the weather before you set sail.

140
Q

Principle

ˈprɪnsɪəpəl

A

rule; basic idea behind a system

141
Q

Ongoing

ˈɑːnˌgoʊɪŋ

A

continuing

142
Q

Survey

ˈsɜːrveɪ

A

a study of opinions in a sample of the population

143
Q

Endeavo(u)r

ɪnˈdevər

A

an attempt to do something new or difficult

They made every endeavour to find the two boys.

144
Q

v.

Sponsor

spɑːnsər

A

to organize and be responsible for

145
Q

Hone

hoʊn

A

to sharpen; improve

He set about honing his skills as a draughtsman.

146
Q

Supervision

ˌsuːpərˈvɪʒən

A

direction; assistance

147
Q

Breeze

briːz

A

light wind

flowers waving in the breeze

148
Q

Colorful

ˈkʌlərfəl

A

interesting and unusual

Charlie Chaplin had a long and colorful career.

149
Q

Cuisine

kwɪˈziːn

A

style of cooking

* French cuisine
* the traditional cuisine of the Southwest

150
Q

Ingredient

ɪnˈgriːdiənt

A

an item in a recipe

151
Q

Acquire

əˈkwaɪr

A

to learn sth or get sth

152
Q

Enroll

ɪnˈroʊl

A

to sign up for a class

153
Q

Residential

ˌrezɪəˈdenʃəl◂

A

with living accomodations, related to housing

154
Q

Content

ˈkɒ:ntent

A

subject matter

155
Q

Economical

iːkəˈnɒ:mɪkəl

A

inexpensive

156
Q

Resort

rɪˈzɔːrt

A

a vacation place

157
Q

Costly

ˈkɒːstli

A

expensive

158
Q

Broad

brɒːd

A

wide or large

159
Q

Taste

teɪst

A

preference

160
Q

Budget

ˈbʌdʒɪət

A

a plan for spending money

161
Q

Particular

pərˈtɪkjʊələr

A

Specific

162
Q

Motivation

ˌmoʊtɪəˈveɪʃən

A

reason for doing sth

163
Q

Characteristic

ˌkærɪəktəˈrɪstɪk◂

A

feature; quality

a baby discovering the physical characteristics of objects

164
Q

Niche

A
165
Q

Compete

kəmˈpiːt

A

to do as well as or better that others

166
Q

Product

ˈprɒ:dʌkt

A

sth that is made

167
Q

Unique

juːˈniːk

A

special; different from all others

168
Q

Personalized

ˈpɜːsənəlaɪzd

A

made or done especially for a certain person

169
Q

Edge

edʒ

A

an advantage

170
Q

Reputation

ˌrepjʊəˈteɪʃən

A

the general opinion about sth or sb

171
Q

Vital

ˈvaɪtl

A

very important; necessary for success
SYN: Crucial

The work she does is absolutely vital.

172
Q

Potential

pəˈtenʃəl

A

possible

173
Q

adj.

Sound

saʊnd

A

healthy; without financial risk

a sound investment: Property is usually a sound investment.

174
Q

Profit

ˈprɒfɪət

A

money earned after paying costs

175
Q

v.

Project

ˈprɒ:dʒekt

A

to estimate; calculate a future amount

176
Q

Afloat

əˈfloʊt

A

having enough money to pay what you owe

The Treasury borrowed £40 billion, just to stay afloat.

177
Q

Financial

faɪˈnænʃəl

A

related to money

178
Q

Inevitably

ɪˈnevɪətəbli

A

certainly; to be expected
به ناچار

The decision will inevitably lead to political tensions.

179
Q

Tip

tip

A

a piece of advice

180
Q

Initial

ɪˈnɪʃəl

A

first; beginning

181
Q

Conglomerate

kənˈglɒmərɪət

A

large company that owns smaller companies

Hezardastan conglomerate

182
Q

Fleeting

ˈfliːtɪŋ

A

brief; ending quickly

Carol was paying a fleeting visit to Paris.

183
Q

Brand

brænd

A

company name for a product

184
Q

Bond

bɑːnd

A

connection

185
Q

Reverse

rɪˈvɜːrs

A

to turn around; changing to its opposite

More changes are required to reverse the trend towards centralised power

186
Q

Consistently

kənˈsɪstəntli

A

regularly; always

187
Q

Passion

ˈpæʃən

A

a strong feeling or interest in

188
Q

Convince

kənˈvɪns

A

to get sb to do or believe sth

189
Q

Staple

ˈsteɪpəl

A

a basic household item

190
Q

Endorsment

ɪnˈdɔːrsment

A

public support for sth

The Prime Minister is unlikely to endorse this view.

191
Q

n.

Status

ˈstætəs

A

social position

Doctors have traditionally enjoyed high social status.

192
Q

Ignore

ɪgˈnɔːr

A

to not pay attention to

193
Q

Outperform

ˌaʊtpəˈfɔːrm

A

perform better than

194
Q

Loyalty

ˈlɔɪəlti

A

faithfulness; belief in sth

195
Q

Phenomenon

fɪˈnɑːmɪənɑːn

A

Edit me

Homelessness is not a new phenomenon.

196
Q

Prevail

prɪˈveɪl

A

غالب شدن
to be common among certain groups; be stronger

the economic conditions which prevail in England and Wales

197
Q

adj.

Burgeoning

ˈbɜːdʒənin

A

growing

the burgeoning market for digital cameras

198
Q

Promote

prəˈmoʊt

A

to advertise

199
Q

Thirst

θɜːrst

A

a strong desire for sth

the thirst for knowledge in Renaissance Italy

200
Q

Selective

sɪəˈlektɪv

A

internationally choosing some things and not others

Iman's Vocabulary (9 decks)

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