Glucose and glycogen metabolism

Question 1

what is the structure of glucose

Answer 1

monosaccharide
not branched
no bonds between molecules

Question 2

what is the structure of glycogen

Answer 2

polysaccharide
branched - lots of end terminals so easily hydrolysed
alpha 1,4 and 1,6 glyosidic bonds present

Question 3

how much glucose and glycogen are present in the plasma/tissue

Answer 3

glu - 10g

glyc- 400g stored in tissues

Question 4

what is the role of glycogen?

Answer 4

• store in liver and is used for glucose homeostasis for other tissues
• store in skeletal muscle used as a fuel reserve for exercise

Question 5

how does glycogen work in the liver?

Answer 5

liver is sensitive to blood glucose conc

and maintains this conc under the control of insulin and glucagon

Question 6

how does glycogen work in the skeletal muscle

Answer 6

muscle is sensitive to the energy needs of the tissue
it is sensitive to adrenaline, Ca, AMP, and ATP levels
glycogen > glucose 6- phosphate > energy for contraction

Question 7

what is glycogenesis

Answer 7

glycogen synthesis from alpha glucose

Question 8

glycogenesis - where does it occur

Answer 8

cytosol (intracellular fluid)