Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharm B3 > Glucocorticoids > Flashcards

Glucocorticoids Flashcards

1
Q

what are the short acting glucocorticoids?

what is considered short acting?

A

Hydrocrotione

Prednisolone

12 hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are the intermediate acting glucocorticoids?

what is considered intermediate acting?

A

Triamcinolone

Flupresnisolone

12-36 hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what are the Long Acting Glucocorticoids?

what is considered long acting?

A

Bethamethasone

Dexamethasone

more than 36 hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is the short and rapid acting hydrocortisone?

A

cortisol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what type of activity does hydrocortisone have?

A

glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what type of activity does Prednisolone have?

A

it is the most potent glucocorticoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what type of activity does Triamcinolone have?

A

glucocorticoid activity only

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what are the most potent glucocorticoids?

A

Bethamethasone

Dexamethasone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is one of the most potent glucocorticoids that doesnt retain water?

A

Dexamethasone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is the mechanism of action of all glucocorticoids?

A

they penetrate cells => bind to cytoplasm and activate a receptor, GRE, that goes to the nucleus (glucocorticoid response element) => regulates transcription leading to mRNA and protein synthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what effect will glucocorticoids have?

A
  • Carbohydrates: increases glyconeogenesis and glycognesis in fasting (more glucose made from liver)
  • Proteins: catabolism of muscle to use amino acids for glucose
  • Fat: increases lipolysis for more TAG’s usage, maintaining glucose supply to brain
  • Inflammation: ​inhibits PLA2 => reduces COX 2 (less prostaglandins and leukotrienes)
  • Immunity: decreses Monocytes, Eosinophils, lymphoncytes, except NEUTROPHILS (increases)
    • there is less cell mediated response: less IL-1/2, IFN-y
      • inducers of cellular immunity
  • Calcium metabolism: inhibits intestinal absroption of Ca and increases renal excretion of Ca
    • loss of Ca from bone (osteoporosis in long use)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what do you use in Addison’s disease (chronic adrenal insufficiency)?

A

Hydrocortison + Fludrocortisone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what do you use in Addisonian crisis or Acute adrenal insufficiency?

A

IV Hydrocortisone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Diagnosis of Cushing’s Syndrome is done using what?

A

Dexamethasone suppression test

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

in what allergic reactions do you use glucocorticoids?

A

asthma (decreases # of cytokines and histmaine to supress inflammation)

urticaria

anaphylaxis

allergic drug reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

in what inflammatory conditions do you use glucocorticoids?

A

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Osteoarthritis

Gout

17
Q

name the mineralocorticoids?

A

Aldosterone

Fludrocortisone

Desoxycortiscosterone

18
Q

what do the mineralocorticoids do?

A
  • Increase Na+ reabsorption from DCT and CD
  • Increase K+ and H+ excretion in urine
19
Q

What are the Antagonists of Glucocorticoids drugs?

A

Metyrapone

Ketozonazole

Mifepristone

20
Q

what does Metyrapone do?

A

inhibits 11-hydroxylation so it stops the synthesis of cortisol

21
Q

what is the only glucocorticoid antagonist that can be used in pregnant women?

what is the glucocorticoid antagonist that can be used in Cushing’s syndrome?

what is the glucocorticoid antagonist that is used in testing the adrenal function?

A

metyrapone

metyrapone

metyrapone

22
Q

what are 2 side effects of metyrapone?

A

hirsutism and edema

23
Q

what does ketoconazole do?

when do you use it?

what can it cause?

A

it inhibits cholesterol desmolase

the 1st step in steroid synthesis

in cushing syndrome

hepatotoxicity

24
Q

what does Mifepristone do in high doses?

when is it used?

A

it blocks glucocorticoid receptors

as a contraceptive and abortifacient when used with misoprostol

also used in cushings syndrome

25
Q

what is the drug for primary hyperaldosteronism?

what is the drug for Conn’s syndrome?

A

spironolactone

spironolactone

26
Q

what mineralocorticoid antagonist drug is used in hypertention?

A

eplerenone

27
Q

what drug blocks 17,20 lyase?

what drug blocks conversion of testosterone to estrogen?

A

ketoconazole

aromatase

28
Q

what drug blocks the action of aromatase enzyme?

how do you identify cushings disease?

how do you identify addison’s?

A

anastrazole

central obesity, peripheral thinning, purple striae

high BP, hyperpigmentation, hyperkalemia acidosis

Pharm B3 (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions