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Foundations1 > Glossary > Flashcards

Glossary Flashcards

0
Q

HLA

A

Human leukocyte antigen
3- ab against beta cells (later onset)
4- ab against insulin
2- protective

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1
Q

Sulfonylureas

A

MODY treatment (increases Ca2+)

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2
Q

TCF7L2

A

homozygous, doubles risk of diabetes

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3
Q

FTO

A

increases obesity risk (diabetes secondary)

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4
Q

EPO

A

diabetes; increases retinal complications risk

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5
Q

Acetoacetic acid

A

ketone produced by DKA

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6
Q

Beta hydroxybutyric acid

A

ketone of DKA

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7
Q

Metformin

A

drug for T2DM; decreases production and output of glucose from liver

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8
Q

DPP4

A

degrades incretins (GLP1)

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9
Q

IRT

A

Immunoreactive trypsinogen - CF newborn screen

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10
Q

JAK2

A

non-receptor tyrosine kinase; activated by erythropoietin

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11
Q

Reticuloendothelial system

A

macrophage removal of RBC

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12
Q

reticulocyte

A

immature RBC in bloodstream

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13
Q

polycythemia

A

opposite of anemia (too much RBC in plasma)

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14
Q

acanthocytes

A

pointy star cells from shriveling (pyruvate kinase deficiency)

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15
Q

stomatocyte

A

fish mouth cells; hereditary stomatocytosis

16
Q

porphyrin vs heme

A

heme is a type of porphyrin

17
Q

inosine

A

added to stored blood to increase 2,3 BPG

18
Q

carbamoylation

A

CO2 binding of Hb (allosteric inhibition))

19
Q

cholecystokinin

A

hormone secreted in duodenum (forces pancreatic zymogen secretion)

20
Q

penicillamine

A

solubilizes cysteine stones in cystinuria

21
Q

oxoprolinuria

A

GSH synthetase deficiency

presence in urine

22
Q

MVB

A

Multivesicular bodies

transport stuff between early and late endosome

23
Q

M6P

A

attached to prohydrolase in rER; endosomes/golgi/lysosomes have M6P receptors

24
Q

PAMP

A

pathogen associated molecular pattern

one way for phagocytosis to occur

25
Q

Dynamin

A

a GTPase that pinches off endosomes

26
Q

Adaptin

A

clathrin attaches to cargo receptors via adaptin during rececptor meidated endocytosis

27
Q

Acrocentric

A

q»»p

28
Q

Euchromatin v heterochromatin

A

heterchromatin is the tightly packed kind

29
Q

Aneuploidy

A

ex. trisomy21

30
Q

Polyploidy

A

3n, 4n, etc

31
Q

transition point mutation

A

purine –> purine or pyramidine –> pyramidine

32
Q

transversion point mutation

A

purine–> pyramidine

Foundations1 (14 decks)

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