Glomerulonephritis Flashcards
What is glomerulonephritis?
A number of conditions which:
- are caused by pathology in the glomerulus
- present with proteinuria, haematuria or both
- are diagnosed on renal biopsy
- cause CKD
- can progress to renal failure
What is nephritic syndrome?
Inflammation of the glomerulus
What are the features of nephritic syndrome?
Haematuria
Dysmorphic RBCs
RBC casts
Hypertension
Renal impairment
What is nephrotic syndrome?
Podocyte damage
What are the features of nephrotic syndrome?
Massive proteinuria >3g/24hours or creatinine levels of 350mg/mmol
Peripheral oedema
Hypoalbuminemia <35g/L
Hypercholesterolaemia
What is glomerulonephritis?
Inflammation of the glomerulus
How is glomerulonephritis diagnosed?
Kidney biopsy
What are the non-proliferative types of glomerulonephritis?
Minimal change disease
FSGS (Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis)
Which syndrome is associated with non-proliferative glomerulonephritis?
Nephrotic syndrome
What is minimal change disease?
Most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in children
Idiopathic
Remission with steroids (prednisolone)
What is FSGS?
Focal and segmental sclerosis
Most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in adults
What are the proliferative types of glomerulonephritis?
IgA nephropathy (mesangioproliferatiive)
IgG nephropathy (membranoproliferative)
Diffuse proliferative
Crescentic
Which syndrome is associated with proliferative glomerulonephritis?
Nephritic syndrome
What is IgA nephropathy?
Berger’s diseases
Most common cause of primary glomerulonephritis
IgA deposits and glomerular mesangial proliferation
Nephrotic and Nephritic syndromes
What is the treatment of IgA nephropathy?
Corticosteroids
