Globalisation

Question 1

Castells -

Criminal Networks

Answer 1

Globalisation is the development of ‘networks’ across borders, therefore individual societies are out-dated.
Transport
Internet
Communication

A03 - although networks are global they still run along organised regional/ethnic lines eg Chinese trade to other countries across the world

Question 2

Taylor -

Capitalism and Crime

Answer 2

Argues capitalism is the main driver for globalisation of crime. The privatisation of state assets and involvement in markets drive capitalism. Capitalism is criminogenic :
Upper classes - can move finances across the world using the interest to create tax evasion.
Tax havens and organised crime allows profits from drug trafficking
Companies move to countries where labour is cheap

Question 3

Newburn -
Consequences of globalisation and crime -
first consequence

Answer 3

Reduces power of the nation state

Makes it difficult to tackle crime across multiple countries eg internet fraud

Question 4

Newburn -
Consequences of globalisation and crime -
second consequence

Answer 4

Provides opportunities for crime to exist in new ways

eg taking advantage of different laws in different countries avoiding prosecution

Question 5

Newburn -
Consequences of globalisation and crime -
third consequence

Answer 5

Creates awareness of risks from other countries
eg cyber crime, terrorism and global warming.
Creates a fear of outsiders and greater controls of immigration

Question 6

Castells - Russia

Answer 6

Due to collapse of communism and the Soviet Union the globalisation of crime has been facilitated by criminal Russian gangs.
As state assets were privatised gov official worked with criminal gangs from other counties to buy Russian roubles to drop the value of the currency.
Allowed them to buy previously privatised assets such as gold mines at cheap price.

Question 7

Giddens

Answer 7

Globalisation is the intensification of worldwide social relations which link distant localities in such a way that local happenings are shaped by event occurring many miles away.

Social change has made borders/distance less important
Less barriers between nations and social groups
Effects on one society can quickly be spread