GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT: War & Conflict

Question 1

Modernisation view on War in relation to development

Answer 1

• War is an internal barrier to development and view conflict as a symptom of primitive ‘backward’ values
• Argue that there would be less wars if countries develop

Question 2

Dependency view on War in relation to development -

Answer 2

• Argue that the west causes wars, conflicts occur in developing countries but MEDCs are often combatants from a great distance
• Many conflicts are started due to poverty or lack of resources - capitalism

Question 3

Neoliberal view on war in relation to development

Answer 3

• View free trade as the greatest preventer of conflict

Question 4

What are the effects of war?

Answer 4

• Wars contribute to poverty, conflict can be easily spread across borders
• Refugees are forced to use whatever is available to survive

Question 5

Factors that can lead to civil wars

Answer 5

• Relative poverty
• Weak state institutions
• Arms trade
• Aid

Question 6

How can relative poverty lead to civil wars?

Answer 6

Poverty is worsening, not benefiting from globalisation and development

Question 7

How can weak state institutions lead to civil wars?

Answer 7

State unable to provide health and education, less ability for rebellion (Hanlon 2006)

Question 8

How can Arms Trade lead to civil wars?

Answer 8

Weapons are easily available for cheap prices

Question 9

How can Aid lead to civil wars?

Answer 9

Helps create conditions for war, if there are inequalities

Question 10

Terrorism in relation to war and conflict

Answer 10

An inescapable part of war. Was first used for state actions, many states have used terror tactics against part of their own population. May have replaced war/conventional war because in most countries, values are becoming one making it harder for ‘normal’ war to happen.

Question 11

What did Cohen and Kennedy say about terrorism?

Answer 11

Politically motivated violence, perpetuated against non-combat targets by subnational group usually intended to influence an audience

Question 12

Economic Damage caused by war

Answer 12

• Wars are expensive and have an impact on living standards
• Infrastructure is targeted and destroyed
• Debt
• Unemployment

Question 13

Death and Displacement as an impact of war

Answer 13

• Wars lead to huge losses of life

- Can lead to huge displacement

Question 14

Environmental damage of war

Answer 14

• Unexploded mines
• Heavy artillery
• Chemical weapons

Question 15

Disease as an impact of war

Answer 15

• Kaldor (2007) : Points out that disease spreads rapidly in war zones and post conflict situations especially in refugee camps
• Aid

Question 16

Positive evaluations of war

Answer 16

• Conflict can remove corrupt governments and bring in better, more democratic governments
• Conflicts can attract investment