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Organ histology > Glands of digestion > Flashcards

Glands of digestion Flashcards

1
Q

What organ lies inferior to liver - bulk of which is a body and contains a cystic duct that connects to a narrow neck

A

gallbladder

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2
Q

What is the function of gallbladder

A

store and concentrate bile (can hold ~70 mL)

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3
Q

What is the difference between hepatic bile and cystic bile

A 
Hepatic = primary bile (from liver) 
Cystic = concentrated bile (in gallbladder)
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4
Q

What hormone controls secretion of bile

A

CCK (and vagus n.)

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5
Q

What is the surface epithelium of mucosa in gallbladder

A

simple columnar

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6
Q

Clear cells (cholangiocytes) in the mucosa of the gallbladder have many what? What is the their function?

A

Many microvilli

Absorb water

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7
Q

What do brush cells in the gallbladder do? Are there many of them?

A

Produce mucinogen

few in number

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8
Q

True or false; the lamina propria of the gallbladder is loose and very vascular

A

true

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9
Q

True or false; a muscularis mucosa is absent in the gallbladder

A

true

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10
Q

What is very unique about the submucosa of the gallbladder

A

It is ABSENT!

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11
Q

True or false; the muscularis externa of gallbladder has a normal pattern

A

false - not normal patter - thin smooth muscle layer with disorganized muscle arrangement

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12
Q

Is the gallbladder mostly serosa or adventitia

A

serosa but some adventitia where it attaches to liver

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13
Q

True or false; the pancreas has an exocrine and endocrine function

A

true

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14
Q

What is the endocrine process of the pancreas

A

islets of langerhans producing hormones

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15
Q

What is the exocrine process of the pancreas

A

serous acini producing digestive enzymes

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16
Q

True or false; the largest portion of the pancreas is exocrine portion

A

true

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17
Q

The secretion of the exocrine portion of the pancreas (serous acini) is controlled by what?

A

CCK an ACH from parasymp. nerves

18
Q

What controls secretion of water and bicarb from pancreatic ducts

A

secretin and ACH from parasymp nerves

19
Q

The centroacinar cells (which are located next to acinar cells) along with cuboid cells in the intercalated pancreatic ducts release what into where?

A

Release alkaline fluid (bicarb) into duodenum to buffer stomach chyme

20
Q

What is the function of the collagen rich ct. wrapping pancreatic duct?

A

Provide extra protection from digestive enzymes leaking

21
Q

What is the largest gland in the body with exocrine and endocrine function?

A

Liver

22
Q

True or false; on top of metabolism of lipids, carbs and proteins - production of blood protein - detoxifying - and hepatic bile production - the liver also stores vitamin A and B12

A

true

23
Q

What is the shape of classic liver lobules?

A

Hexagonal

24
Q

Microvilliated cuboidal cells (in columns) possessing lateral bile canaliculi best describes what cell?

A

Hepatocytes

25
Q

What is the most common cell type of liver

A

hepatocyte

26
Q

How does bile move from hepatocytes

A

towards bile duct branch through the portal triad

27
Q

What is the arrangement of hepatocytes?

A

In rows between hepatic sinusoids like spokes of a wheel

28
Q

What are Kupffer cells?

A

Resident macrophages (develop from monocytes)

29
Q

What is the function of Kupffer cells?

A

Phagocytosis of debris (antigen presentation)

30
Q

True or false; Kupffer cells are stellate macrophages in liver

A

true

31
Q

What is another name for Ito cells?

A

Hepatic stellate cells (lipocytes)

32
Q

What is the function of ito cells (hepatic stellate cells)

A

Strore lipids for immediate use (store vitamin A) - produce collagen 1,3,4 and growth factors

33
Q

What are Pit cells?

A

Natural killer cells of liver - hepatic progenitor cells

34
Q

What is another name for a hepatic progenitor cell?

A

Pit cell

35
Q

The portal triad includes branches of what?

A

Hepatic artery
portal vein
bile duct
lymph vessels

36
Q

Dilated, fenestrated thin walled vessels found between the rows of hepatocytes best describes what cell?

A

Hepatic sinusoids

37
Q

What is the percentages of venous vs. arterial blood carried in the hepatic sinusoids

A

75% venous

25% arterial

38
Q

Fenestrated thin walled vessel that collects blood from the hepatic sinusoids best describes what?

A

Central vein

39
Q

What is another name for the space of Disse?

A

Perisinusoidal space

40
Q

What is the space of Disse?

A

Space between hepatocytes and fenestrated hepatic sinusoids - blood can directly contact microvilliated surfaces of the hepatocytes (nutrients)

41
Q

True or false; the space of Disse is why the liver can take over the function of the spleen if need be

A

true - flow of blood slows enough so cells can interact with blood and its contents

42
Q

What is Glisson’s capsule?

A

dense irregular ct. covered with serosa in liver

Organ histology (10 decks)

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