Glands & Connective tissue Flashcards
studying for midterm 1
endocrine gland
use blood stream
exocrine gland
use ducts
merocrine
exocytosis, sweat gland
-lacrimal glands, sweat glands (even axillary & inguinal)
holocrine
whole cell undergoes apoptosis, into a duct
-meibomian, zeis, sebaceous glands (ei, ei, eo)
apocrine
cell product is surrounded by thin membrane and secreted into ducts
- mammary glands, glands of moll, axillary & inguinal sweat glands
gland classification
- simple or compound
- simple or branched
-acinar, tubular or coiled tubular
dense irregular connective tissue
cells are sparse
- in reticular dermis, submucosa (intestines, stomach, esophagus)
dense regular connective tissue
tendons, ligaments, aponeuroses
loose irregular connective tissue
collagen is thin & sparse
-papillary dermis & hypodermis
type I collagen
loose and dense connective tissue
type II collagen
cartilage, and vitreous
type IV collagen
basement membrane
type V collagen
bone
collagen make up
triple helix
collagen fibril make up
several triple helices
what breaks down collagen
matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)
elastin fibers make up
core of elastin w/ outer fibrillin microfibrils
what stains elastic fibers black
orcein & resorcin-fuchsin
reticular fibers
found at junction of epithelium & connective tissue
-mainly type III collagen
what stains reticular fibers
periodic acid-schiff (PAS)
extracellular matrix make up
collagen, elastic fibers, ground substance
ground substance make up
GAGs: unbranched polysaccharide
glycoproteins: multi-adhesive
proteoglycans: protein core & GAGs
adipocytes
fat cells
fibroblasts
make collagen, make ground substance
macrophages
immune response
mast cells
allergies
langerhans’ cell histiocytosis
proliferation of histiocytes in eyelid
white adipose tissue
hormone secretion, useful for energy stores
brown adipose tissue
protects against heat lost, thermogenesis, found in babies, surrounds some internal organs
ehlers-danlos syndrome
defect in collagen synthesis, lens & retina complications associated
marfan syndromes
mutation in fibrillin, causes skeletal, cardiac, and ocular abnormalities
pseudoxanthoma elasticum
mineralization of elastic tissue, causes changes in retina
angloid streaks
breaks in the elastic layer of bruch’s membrane
caused by PEPSI Max: paget’s disease, ehler’s danlos syndrome, pseudoxanthoma elasticum, sickle cell disease, idiopathic, marfan’s syndrome
fibromatoses
proliferation of fibroblasts
gardner syndrome
- CHRPE
- familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP)
