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Geography > Glaciation > Flashcards

Glaciation Flashcards

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1
Q

what is plucking?

A

meltwater freezing over rocks and pulling them off

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2
Q

what is abrasion?

A

rocks at the bottom of a glacier act like sandpaper

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3
Q

what is subglacial material?

A

material carried underneath the glacier

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4
Q

what is englacial material?

A

material carried in the ice of the glacier

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5
Q

what is supraglacial material?

A

material carried on top of the glacier

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6
Q

what is glacial till?

A

sediment transported by ice

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7
Q

what is moraine?

A

lots of glacial till

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8
Q

what is outwash?

A

sediment deposited by meltwater rivers, infront of glaciers or under them

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9
Q

what is bulldozing?

A

the front of a glacier pulls rock debris to form terminal moraine

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10
Q

when do glaciers drop material?

A

when they are losing energy

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11
Q

what is an arete?

A

the ledge where two corries meet

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12
Q

what is a pyramidal peak?

A

where three or more corries meet

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13
Q

how do glacial troughs/ U shaped valleys form from V shaped valleys?

A

plucking and abrasion

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14
Q

how do truncated spurs form?

A

glaciers meander around interlocking spurs and erode land at the ends of interlocking spurs

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15
Q

how do ribbon lakes form?

A

U shaped valley floors that are over deepened by plucking fill up with water

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16
Q

give two reasons why glaciers erode at different rates

A

-different sizes moraine
-tributary glaciers feed in to give more power

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17
Q

what is a drumlin?

A

an egg shaped hill made of mounds of till

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18
Q

how are drumlins formed?

A

material is deposited under the glacier as ground moraine, which is sculpted to form drumlin shaped by ice movement

19
Q

name an arete in the Lake District?

A

striding edge

20
Q

what is an example of a tarn in the Lake District, and therefore an example of rotational slip?

A

red tarn

21
Q

name an area with a hanging valley in the Lake District

A

Grisedale

22
Q

what is an example of a ribbon lake in the Lake District?

A

Lake Windermere

23
Q

how many people visit the Lake District every year?

A

18 million

24
Q

how many jobs does tourism in the Lake District provide?

A

18,000

25
Q

why are people attracted to the Lake District?

A

opportunities for hiking, cycling, climbing and arts

26
Q

why are there limited opportunities for farming in the Lake District?

A

thin and waterlogged soil, high rainfall and low temperatures, steep slopes

27
Q

what is a popular farming opportunity in the Lake District?

A

grazing sheep

28
Q

what is an example of sheep that are farmed in the Lake district?

A

Herdwick Sheep

29
Q

why are conifer plantations forested in glacial upland areas?

A

they are fast growing and adapted to the harsh climate- they can thrive on thin acidic soil

30
Q

what are forestry in glacial areas used for?

A

biofuel, furniture, construction

31
Q

how many active quarries does the Lake District have?

A

13

32
Q

what is Lake District Slate used for?

A

roofing, decorative materials

33
Q

Lake Windermere is a…

A

honeypot site

34
Q

what is an art and literature pull factor location in the Lake District?

A

Beatrix Potter world

35
Q

what is a walking trail pull factor location in the Lake District?

A

Lake Windermere

36
Q

what is a mountain biking/ extreme sports location in the Lake District?

A

Scafell Pike

37
Q

what is a boating location in the Lake District?

A

Lake Windermere

38
Q

why is there limited housing and property in the Lake District? - impact o f tourism

A

holiday homes, unaffordable housing for locals

39
Q

how can limited housing be overcome in the Lake District?

A

local council building more houses —> difficult as its a national park site so planning permission is hard

40
Q

what is an environmental problems from tourism in the Lake District?

A

footpath erosion

41
Q

what are two examples of how footpath erosion be overcome in the Lake district?

A

Fix the Fells added drains to footpaths to prevent waterlogging, and paths were remade using sheep wool and local rock (sustainable)

42
Q

what is the effect of 92% of tourists driving to the Lake District?

A

CO2 produced, road rage, traffic congestion

43
Q

what can be done to reduce tourists travelling by car to the Lake District?

A

improve public transport

44
Q

what is a job impact of tourism in the Lake District?

A

jobs are seasonal and unstable, pay is low and inconsistent

Geography (14 decks)

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