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Glaciation Flashcards

1
Q

what is plucking?

A

meltwater freezing over rocks and pulling them off

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2
Q

what is abrasion?

A

rocks at the bottom of a glacier act like sandpaper

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3
Q

what is subglacial material?

A

material carried underneath the glacier

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4
Q

what is englacial material?

A

material carried in the ice of the glacier

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5
Q

what is supraglacial material?

A

material carried on top of the glacier

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6
Q

what is glacial till?

A

sediment transported by ice

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7
Q

what is moraine?

A

lots of glacial till

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8
Q

what is outwash?

A

sediment deposited by meltwater rivers, infront of glaciers or under them

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9
Q

what is bulldozing?

A

the front of a glacier pulls rock debris to form terminal moraine

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10
Q

when do glaciers drop material?

A

when they are losing energy

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11
Q

what is an arete?

A

the ledge where two corries meet

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12
Q

what is a pyramidal peak?

A

where three or more corries meet

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13
Q

how do glacial troughs/ U shaped valleys form from V shaped valleys?

A

plucking and abrasion

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14
Q

how do truncated spurs form?

A

glaciers meander around interlocking spurs and erode land at the ends of interlocking spurs

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15
Q

how do ribbon lakes form?

A

U shaped valley floors that are over deepened by plucking fill up with water

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16
Q

give two reasons why glaciers erode at different rates

A

-different sizes moraine
-tributary glaciers feed in to give more power

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17
Q

what is a drumlin?

A

an egg shaped hill made of mounds of till

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18
Q

how are drumlins formed?

A

material is deposited under the glacier as ground moraine, which is sculpted to form drumlin shaped by ice movement

19
Q

name an arete in the Lake District?

A

striding edge

20
Q

what is an example of a tarn in the Lake District, and therefore an example of rotational slip?

21
Q

name an area with a hanging valley in the Lake District

22
Q

what is an example of a ribbon lake in the Lake District?

A

Lake Windermere

23
Q

how many people visit the Lake District every year?

A

18 million

24
Q

how many jobs does tourism in the Lake District provide?

25
why are people attracted to the Lake District?
opportunities for hiking, cycling, climbing and arts
26
why are there limited opportunities for farming in the Lake District?
thin and waterlogged soil, high rainfall and low temperatures, steep slopes
27
what is a popular farming opportunity in the Lake District?
grazing sheep
28
what is an example of sheep that are farmed in the Lake district?
Herdwick Sheep
29
why are conifer plantations forested in glacial upland areas?
they are fast growing and adapted to the harsh climate- they can thrive on thin acidic soil
30
what are forestry in glacial areas used for?
biofuel, furniture, construction
31
how many active quarries does the Lake District have?
13
32
what is Lake District Slate used for?
roofing, decorative materials
33
Lake Windermere is a...
honeypot site
34
what is an art and literature pull factor location in the Lake District?
Beatrix Potter world
35
what is a walking trail pull factor location in the Lake District?
Lake Windermere
36
what is a mountain biking/ extreme sports location in the Lake District?
Scafell Pike
37
what is a boating location in the Lake District?
Lake Windermere
38
why is there limited housing and property in the Lake District? - impact o f tourism
holiday homes, unaffordable housing for locals
39
how can limited housing be overcome in the Lake District?
local council building more houses ---> difficult as its a national park site so planning permission is hard
40
what is an environmental problems from tourism in the Lake District?
footpath erosion
41
what are two examples of how footpath erosion be overcome in the Lake district?
Fix the Fells added drains to footpaths to prevent waterlogging, and paths were remade using sheep wool and local rock (sustainable)
42
what is the effect of 92% of tourists driving to the Lake District?
CO2 produced, road rage, traffic congestion
43
what can be done to reduce tourists travelling by car to the Lake District?
improve public transport
44
what is a job impact of tourism in the Lake District?
jobs are seasonal and unstable, pay is low and inconsistent

Geography (14 decks)

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