Glacial Landscapes

Question 1

What is abrasion

Answer 1

the sandpaper effect is caused by the weight of the ice scouring the valley floor. Abrasion leaves a smooth, polished surface.

Question 2

What is plucking

Answer 2

When meltwater beneath a glacier freezes and bonds the base of the glacier to the rocky surface below, like glue. As the glacier moves, any loose fragments of rock will be plucked away, this leaves behind a jagged rocky surface. Used as tools by glaciers.

Question 3

What is basal slip

Answer 3

Meltwater lubricates the glacier enabling it to slide downhill.

Question 4

What is rotational slip

Answer 4

Meltwater lubricates the glacier enabling it to move in a curved way in hollows high up on the valley side.

Question 5

What is morraine

Answer 5

Rock fragments resulting from freeze-thaw and transported by a glacier.

Question 6

What is till

Answer 6

As a glacier slowly retreats it leaves behind a bed of broken rock fragments called till. Also known as boulder clay.

Question 7

What causes deposition by glacier

Answer 7

ahead of glaciers, meltwater rivers will carry sediment away. The process of attrition will cause the rock fragments to become smaller and more rounded. This sandy gravel material is called outwash.

Question 8

What are corries

Answer 8

Large hollowed-out depressions are found on the upper slopes of glaciated valleys.

Question 9

Name of a lake in corrie

Answer 9

Tarn

Question 10

How does a corrie form

Answer 10

Snow accumulates in a hollow, which is then compressed into ice, through rotational slip the glacier abrades the hollow into a corrie.

Question 11

What is a glacial trough

Answer 11

Steep sided, wide and flat bottomed valley, formed by abrasion. Starting as v-shaped valleys, glacier erodes into u shaped valley.

Question 12

What is a truncated spur

Answer 12

Unable to flow around existing interlocking spurs, the glacie4 cuts straight through them, forming steep-edged spurs.

Question 13

What is a hanging valley

Answer 13

Valleys above the main glacial trough.

Question 14

What is a ribbon lake

Answer 14

Long narrow lakes. A result from severe erosion of the glacial trough.

Question 15

What is ground moraine or sub-glacial moraine

Answer 15

Material dragged underneath the glacier.

Question 16

What is lateral moraine

Answer 16

Moraine formed at the edges of the glacier, mostly scree.

Question 17

What is medial moraine

Answer 17

When a tributary glacier joins the main glacier two lateral moraines become medial moraine.

Question 18

What is terminal moraine

Answer 18

Material piled up at the snout of a glacier.

Question 19

What are drumlins

Answer 19

Smooth egg-shaped hills.

Question 20

What are erratics

Answer 20

The large boulder that is out of place, been carried by glacier.

Question 21

Farming in glaciated areas

Answer 21

Sheep can tolerate cold and windy conditions, lowland glaciated areas may be covered in thick till which is very fertile.

Question 22

Forestry in glaciated areas

Answer 22

Large plantations of conifer trees.

Question 23

Quarrying in glaciated areas

Answer 23

Upland areas are made of hard, resistant rock.

Question 24

Tourism in glaciated areas

Answer 24

Adventure tourism, footpaths and wildlife.

Question 25

How can tourism cause conflict

Answer 25

Access over land, traffic congestion and rising house prices.

Question 26

How can quarrying cause conflict

Answer 26

lead to pollution.

Question 27

Why do people visit the lake district

Answer 27

Physical attractions- lakes, mountain landscapes, adventure tourism.

Question 28

Social impacts of tourism

Answer 28

89 % of visitors come in cars.

Question 29

Economic impacts of tourism

Answer 29

Local shops

Question 30

Environmental impacts of tourism

Answer 30

Footpath erosion.

Question 31

How is congestion managed

Answer 31

Park and ride bus schemes.

Question 32

Group who help footpath erosion

Answer 32

Fix the fells.