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ID > GI Viruses > Flashcards

GI Viruses Flashcards

1
Q

Picorna virus

A

(+) RNA virus, naked

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2
Q

Picorna viruses are trasmitted via

A

fecal-oral route

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3
Q

Rhinovirus

A

Picorna virus that is transmitted via respiratory system instead of fecal-oral route

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4
Q

(+) RNA Replication

A

Uses host RNA polymerase to get translated

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5
Q

(+) Sense viruses

A

are same sense as host cell RNA (+)
This allows them to be directly translated to proteins by host cell RNA polymerase
Virus uses host cell’s machinery

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6
Q

Picornaviruses translate RNA into long polyprotein product

A

Viral proteases cleave product into active viral protein subunits

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7
Q

All RNA (+) viruses replicate

A

outside the nucleus in the cytoplasm

(host cell mRNA, which is analagous to viral RNA) is all processed in cytoplasm

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8
Q

What are the 3 main subgroups of Picorna viruses

A
  1. Hep A
  2. Enteroviruses
  3. Rhinoviruses
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9
Q

What type of virus is Hep A?

A

Picorna Virus

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10
Q

Hepatitis causes

A

Hepatosplenomegaly

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11
Q

Enteroviruses include

A

Polio
Coxsackie A and B
Echovirus

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12
Q

What is the most common cause of aseptic meningitis?

A

Enteroviruses

Aseptic = Cause by non-bacterial organism

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13
Q

Viral meningitis CSF

A

normal glucose levels
aseptic (w/o bacteria)
elevated protein levels

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14
Q

Who is especially susceptible to viral meningitis caused by enteroviruses?

A

young children

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15
Q

What is a common cause of the common cold?

A

Rhinovirus

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16
Q

Unique features of polio (Picorna virus)

A

Acid Stable
Replicates in lymphoid tissue and Peyer’s Patches (submucosa of ilium).
Incubation 2-3 weeks

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17
Q

Polio virus affects

A

anterior horn of LMN cell bodies

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18
Q

Paralysis occurs

A

2-3 weeks following infection

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19
Q

Polio causes

A

asymmetric paralysis located in lower legs
myalgias
decreased DTR
Respiratory insufficiency as paralysis ascends to diaphragm. Causes death.

20
Q

Salk Vaccine

A

Inactivated polio vaccine administered IM

21
Q

Sabin Vaccine

A

Live, attenuating vaccine administered orally

22
Q

Downside to Salk Vaccine

A

Since it bypasses GI tract, only produces IgG antibodies (not IgA, the primary immunity in mucosal surfaces).

23
Q

Upside to Sabin Vaccine

A

Produces both IgG and IgA

24
Q

Downside to Sabin Vaccine

A

Can be shed in feces and possibly revert to form that can cause paralysis

25
Q

Enterovirus meningitis

A

self-limiting

26
Q

Coxsackie A

A

Hand, foot & mouth disease, Red vesicular rash

27
Q

Coxsackie infection is most common in

A

summer

28
Q

Coxsackie B

A

Dilated cardiomyopathy

Devil’s Grip = Bornholm’s Disease = Pleurodynia = Extreme, sharp unilateral chest pain w/ SOB

29
Q

Coxsackie Treatment

A

Supportive

30
Q

How many G and P combinations are there that are targets for Rotavirus vaccination?

A

4

31
Q

Riovirus

A

Rioviridae

32
Q

What makes riovirus unique?

A

Double stranded RNA virus so (+) vs. (-) classification doesn’t apply

33
Q

Where do RNA viruses replicate

A

Cytoplasm

34
Q

Orthomyxovirus

A

Replicates in nucleus

35
Q

Riovirus

A

Naked and 11 segments on average (between 9-12)

36
Q

Rotovirus

A

Transmitted by fecal-oral route

Causes toxin-mediated secretory diarrhea

37
Q

What is the enterotoxin that causes diarrhea in Rotovirus?

A

NSP4

Increases chloride permeability leading to secretory diarrhea

38
Q

When do rotavirus outbreaks occur?

A

Winter

39
Q

Who is at high risk of catching rotavirus?

A

Kids: infant or young child in daycare

40
Q

Treatment for rotavirus

A

Supportive care/Oral rehydration therapy

41
Q

Rotavirus Vaccine

A

Live attenuated oral vaccine
1st dose: before 4 months old
Vaccine is though to increase risk of intusussception due to stimulation and enlargement of Peyer’s patches which then act as lead point

42
Q

Calici Virus family has one member

A

Norovirus

43
Q

Calici/Norovirus

A

(+) RNA virus

Naked

44
Q

Calici virus/Norovirus produces

A

One long polyprotein that is cleaved by viral proteases into smaller, active constituents

45
Q

Where is Norovirus common other than cruise ships?

A

Day care centers and schools.

46
Q

Consumption of what is associated with Norovirus?

A

raw shellfish

47
Q

Norovirus causes

A

Explosive, watery diarrhea

ID (13 decks)

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