Gi Tract Flashcards

1
Q

What do antacids treat

A

Upper gi disturbances, heart burn, GORD

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2
Q

What are antacids made of

A

Aluminium and magnesium Salts mixed with other

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3
Q

How do antispasmodics work

A

. Smooth muscle in intestine relax

. m1&m3 muscle involved

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4
Q

An example anti spasmodic

A

Meberevic hydrochloride

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5
Q

What does antispasmodic treat

A

IBS and divticular disease

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6
Q

How do guy morality stimulants work

A
They are d2 antagonists 
Increase peristalsis 
Relax pyloric sphincter 
Increase osopheogeal sphincter 
Less build up on sphincter
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7
Q

An example guy morality stimulant

A

Dompenidone

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8
Q

How do proton pump inhibitors work

A

. Acidic PH forms two reactive molecules
. Bind permanently to proton pump
. Acid never pump again

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9
Q

An example proton pump

A

Oneoramzole

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10
Q

How do H2 receptor antagonist work

A

. Block H2 receptors on partial cells
. Reduce axis production in stomatch
. Block H2 histamine stopping the p.p

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11
Q

An example H2 receptor antagonist

A

Raidine

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12
Q

How do synthetic prostaglandin E1 work

A

Protects by preventing acid production and stimulating mucous release
For NSAID ulcer as inhibitors

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13
Q

An example synthetic prostaglandin E1

A

Misoprostol

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14
Q

How does eradification of h plory work

A

It is a gram - bacteria in stomatch

During routine ulcer treatments it’s eradicated with triad treatment

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15
Q

How does oral rehydration therapy work

A

First line
Electrolytes and glucose and water
Small sip
Stimulate absorption

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16
Q

How do anti diarrhoeals work

A
In the small and large intestine 
Opoid related
. Decrease peristalsis in intestines
. Decrease explosive contraction of colon
. Kaolin absorb locally
17
Q

What’s an example anti- diarrhoals

A

Loperamide

18
Q

What are the 3 types of laxatives

A

Bulk forming
Stimulate laxatives
Osmotic

19
Q

How do bulk forming laxatives work

A

Increase faecal mass
Stimulate peristalsis
Maintain fluid intake
Days to work

20
Q

An example bulk forming laxative

A

Ispaghula husk

21
Q

How do stimulant laxatives work

A

Increase peristalsis, stool in large intestine

Used for lazy bowl

22
Q

An example stimulant laxative

A

Senna

23
Q

An example osmotic laxative

A

Lactulose methylcellulose

Sodium salts

24
Q

How do osmotic laxatives work

A

Large sugars magnesium and sodium salts
They’re poorly soluble and draw water to the gut
Easier and softer to pass

25
Q

What are the two mechanisms of antacids

A

Simetricone- gas
Alginate- raft
Locally neutralise stomatch acid and decrease pepsin activity