Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

HUBS 192 > GI tract > Flashcards

GI tract Flashcards

1
Q

what is the primary function of the GI system

A

bring nutrients into the internal environment so that they can be used
Motility - movement of things through at appropriate rate
Secretion -
Digestion - breaking things down into smaller parts
Absorption -

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is the GI tract closed off at both ends with

A

sphincters - they are a circular region of muscle that can contract and relax; controlling the movement from one area to another

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is the GI tract lined with

A

epithelium - as technically the outside world

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what are the major organs in order

A

oral cavity (mouth), pharynx, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, anus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the accessory organs

A

liver, pancreas, gall bladder, salivary glands, tongue and teeth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what kind of epithelia is found in the mouth and esophagus and why

A

stratified squamous - layers for protection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what kind of epithelia line the stomach and the intestines and why

A

simple columnar - for secretion and absorption as can fit cells in more easily

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what cells line the anus and why

A

stratified squamous for protection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the peritoneum

A

serous membrane to protect the organs that move

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What does the mesentary of the peritoneum do

A

Body wall to organ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What does the omenta of the peritoneum do

A

Link organ to organ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

how is mucuc released in the oesophagus

A

Has glands with ducts to the surface to release them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the sphincter between the oesophagus and stomach

A

lower oesophageal sphincter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the order of the stomach parts from the oesophagus to the SI

A

Cardia, fundus, body, pylorus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Which part of the stomach does storage

A

Fundus and body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which part of the stomach does Mechanical digestion

A

Antrum - which is the pylorus where there’s the most amount of muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What controls delivery of ffod from the stomach to SI

A

The pyloric sphincter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are the muscularis layers of the stomach from inside to outside

A

oblique, circular, longitudinal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the folds of the stomach called and what is their purpose

A

Rugae - important for expansion of the stomach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What omenta connects the stomach to transverse colon

A

Greater omentum

21
Q

what omenta connects stomach to liver

A

lesser omentum

22
Q

What are the three regions of the SI in order

A

Duodenum, jejunum, ilium “don’t jump in”

23
Q

Is the small intestine in the peritoneum

A

the duodenum is retroperitoneal but rest is intraperitoneal

24
Q

What increases the surface area of the small intestine

A

Length
Plicae circularies - large folds, sub mucosa and mucosa
Villi - mucosa
Microvilli - just epithelial cells

25
Q

What slows food in Small intestine

A

Plicae circularis

26
Q

What connects the SI to the LI

A

the ileocecal valve

27
Q

What are the regions of the large intestine

A

The cucum, Colon; Ascending, transverse, descending, sigmoid. Rectum

28
Q

Which part of the lARGE Intestine is retroperitoneal

A

the ascending and descending colon

29
Q

What muscles are found on the outside of the Large intestine

A

Teniae coli - longitudinal muscles

30
Q

What are a series of pouches on a Large intestine called

A

Haustra

31
Q

What does the LI absorb

A

water and salts

32
Q

What is the name of the duct connecting the bile and pancreatic duct

A

The hepatopancreatic ampulla

33
Q

Where does the blood from the SI travel

A

nutrient rich deoxygenated blood travels through mesenteric veins > hepatic portal veins > liver > heart

34
Q

What cells in the liver produce Bile

A

Hepatocytes

35
Q

What do G cells produce

A

Gastrin/ hormones in general

36
Q

What do Chief cells produce

A

pepsinogen - the inactive form of pepsin

37
Q

What do parietal cells produce

A

HCl

38
Q

What do goblet cells produce

A

Mucus

39
Q

Where are enzymes secreted from in the mouth and pancreas

A

Acinar cells

40
Q

What cells produce Bicarbonate in mouth and pancreas

A

Duct cells

41
Q

What are the monosaccharides

A

Glucose, fructose and Galactose

42
Q

What are the disaccharides

A

Maltose, Lactose and sucrose

43
Q

What is a transcellular pathway

A

through the cells

44
Q

What is a paracellular pathway

A

between the cells

45
Q

What is the mucosa of the gut made up of

A

Epithelium ^basement membrane between, lamina propria ^contains BV and lymph, muscularis mucosa

46
Q

What is the submucosa of the gut made up of

A

Glands, BV, connective tissues

47
Q

What is the muscularis made up of

A

smooth muscle - inner circular, outer longitudinal

48
Q

what is Adventitia made of

A

FCT

HUBS 192 (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions