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GI > GI Malignancy > Flashcards

GI Malignancy Flashcards

1
Q

What are the red flags for dysphagia?

A 
ALARM
Anaemia
Loss of weight 
Anorexia (loss of appetite) 
Recent onset of progressive symptoms
Malaena/ Masses
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2
Q

What are the red flags signs for jaundice?

A 
Painless
Irregularly bordered hepatomegaly 
Ascites
Painless
Unintentional weight loss
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3
Q

What are the red flag signs for obstruction?

A

Cachexia

Unexplained abdominal pain

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4
Q

What is the differential diagnosis for obstruction?

A

Malignancy
Volvusus
Diverticular disease
Hernias

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5
Q

What are the red flags for PR bleeding?

A 
Age 
Iron deficient anaemia 
Unexplained weight loss 
Change in bowel habit 
Tenesmus
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6
Q

Differential diagnosis for PR bleeding?

A 
haemorrhoids 
Infective GE
Malignancy 
IBD 
Anal fissures
Diverticular disease
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7
Q

What is the differential diagnosis for changes in bowel habit?

A 
Thyroid disease
IBD
IBS
Coeliac 
Medication related (ABx)
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8
Q

What are the red flag symptoms for changes in bowel habit?

A

Iron deficiency anaemia
Cachexia
PR blood loss.

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9
Q

Name the significant features of left sided colon cancer.

A 
Weight loss
Rectal bleeding
Bowel obstruction 
Tenesmus 
Mass in left iliac fossa
Early change in bowel habit 
Less advanced disease at presentation 
Stonising - annular
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10
Q

Name 5 types of SI cancer

A 
Stromal 
Lymphoma 
Adenocarcinoma 
Sarcoma
Carcinoid tumours
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11
Q

What are some major causes for Haematemesis?

A

Duodenal ulcer
Gastric ulcer
Acute gastritis
Oesaphgeal varices

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12
Q

Why is the jaundice in peri-ampullary cancer of waxing and waning nature?

A

because of sloughing of the tumour relieving the obstruction partially at intervals

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13
Q

What are the red flag signs associated with epigastric pain?

A

Malaena

haematemesis

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14
Q

Give 2 things associated with bile duct malignancy.

A

Parasitic liver disease (liver flukes)

PSC

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15
Q

Describe how pancreatic cancer may present.

A

Painless obstructive jaundice
mid epigastric pain that radiates to the mid/ lower back
Palpable gall bladder (courvoisier sign)
Pruritis
Steatorrhea

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16
Q

Give 5 risk factors for pancreatic cancer.

A 
Male
Smoking
Chornic pancreatitis 
FHx 
Increasing age
17
Q

Why is bowel obstruction more likely in left sided colon cancer

A

Smaller, less distensible lumen with a harder stool

18
Q

What is the difference in morphology between left and right sided colon cancers?

A

Left sided - stenosing

Right sided - fungating

GI (21 decks)

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