GI Infections

Question 1

How would you describe salmonella under gram stain?

They are facultative intracellular rods. True or false?

They ferment glucose not lactose. True or false?

Answer 1

Gram negative short flagellated rods

True

True

Question 2

What is the typical incubation period for salmonella?

Is diarrhoea bloody?

How does the infection resolve?

Answer 2

48 hours

Typically no

self limiting

Question 3

Why does salmonella infection cause lymphoid hyperplasia and hypertrophy?

How do they re-enter the bowel?

Answer 3

Macrophages carry salmonella to the RE system where bacteria multiply intracellular causing hypertrophy and hyperplasia.

Liver and gallbladder.

Question 4

How would you describe campylobacter jejuni under gram stain?

Carb fermentation?

Answer 4

Gram negative spiral/ S shaped rods.

No

Question 5

How does campylobacter spread?

Answer 5

Faecal-oral route

Question 6

What is the incubation for campylobacter?

Answer 6

1-7

Question 7

What are 2 distinguishing symptoms about shigella infections?

Answer 7

Bloody diarrhoea with mucus

Very painful abdominal cramping

Question 8

What are O H and K antigens with concerning E. coli respectively?

Answer 8

O = lipopolysaccharide
H - flagellum
K - capsule

Question 9

Which 2 E. coli strains can cause bloody diarrhoea?

Answer 9

EHEC and EIEC

Question 10

What is treatment for C diff infection?

Answer 10

Removal of offending ABx
Fluid resuscitation
ABx - Metronidazole and vanc
Probiotics