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Physiology > GI: Hormones and Peptides > Flashcards

GI: Hormones and Peptides Flashcards

1
Q

What secretes Gastrin?

A

G cells (Gastric Antrum and Duodenum)

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2
Q

What secretes CCK?

A

I cells (Duodenum and Jejunum)

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3
Q

What secretes Secretin?

A

S cells (Duodenum)

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4
Q

What secretes Somatostatin?

A 
D cells (Duodenum)
Delta cells (Pancreatic islets)
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5
Q

What secretes GIP (Gastric-inhibitory polypeptide)?

A

K cells (Duodenum and Jejunum)

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6
Q

What secretes Pancreatic polypeptide?

A

F cells (PP cells; Pancreas and Small Intestines)

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7
Q

What secretes GLP-1 (Glucagon-like peptide)?

A

L cells (Small Intestine)

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8
Q

What secretes Motilin?

A

ECL cells (Duodenum and Jejunum, Enterochromaffin-like cells)

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9
Q

What secretes Histamine?

A

ECL cells (Duodenum and Jejunum, Enterochromaffin-like cells)

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10
Q

What secretes VIP (Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide)?

A

Enteric neurons and Pancreas

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11
Q

What secretes GRP, or Bombesin?

A

Neurons of Gastric mucosa (Vagus)

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12
Q

What does Gastrin do?

A

Stimulates Parietal cells (H+), Chief cells (Pepsinogen), ECL cells (Histamine)
Trophic on Gastric mucosa
Increases gastric motility

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13
Q

What does CCK do?

A

Stimulates Pancreatic enzyme secretion (Amylase, Lipase, Proteases) and Gallbladder contraction
Relaxes sphincter of Oddi
Trophic on Exocrine Pancreas and Gallbladder
Inhibits Gastric H+ secretion

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14
Q

What does Secretin do?

A

Stimulates Pancreatic and Biliary HCO3- secretion (neutralizes Gastric acid to Facilitate Pancreatic enzymes) and Production of Bile
Trophic on Exocrine Pancreas
Ihibits Gastric H+ secretion

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15
Q

What does Somatostatin do?

A

Inhibits Gastric acid and Pepsinogen secretion, Pancreatic and Small Intestine secretion,
Gallbladder contraction
Insulin and Glucagon release

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16
Q

What does GIP (Gastric-inhibitory polypeptide) do?

A

Stimulates Insulin release (Endocrine)

Inhibits Gastric H+ secretion (Exocrine)

17
Q

What does Pancreatic polypeptide do?

A

Inhibits pancreatic enzyme and HCO3- secretion

18
Q

What does GLP-1 (Glucagon-like peptide-1) do?

A

Stimulates Insulin release
Inhibits Gastric acid and Glucagon secretion
Decreased Gastric motility

19
Q

What does Motilin do?

A 
Stimulates MMC (Migrating motility complex) in the Stomach and Small Intestine
Stimulates the production of Pepsin
20
Q

What does Histamine do?

A

Stimulates Gastric acid secretion

21
Q

What does VIP (Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide) do?

A

Stimulates receptive relaxation of the Stomach
Relaxation of Intestinal Smooth muscle, Intestinal Secretion of Water and Electrolytes
Increased release of Pancreatic HCO3-

22
Q

What does GRP (Gastrin-releasing peptide) or Bombesin do?

A

Increases secretion of Gastrin from G cells

23
Q

Regulation of Gastrin?

A

Stimulus: Small peptides, AA, Ca2+ in Gastric lumen, Gastric distention, Vagal stimulation
Inhibits: Low gastric pH

24
Q

Regulation of CCK?

A

Stimulus: Fatty acids and AA in the Small Intestine
Inhibits: Secretin

25
Q

Regulation of Secretin?

A

Stimulus: Decreased Gastric pH, Fatty acids in Duodenum
Inhibits: None

26
Q

Regulation of Somatostatin?

A

Stimulus: Decreased luminal pH
Inhibits: Vagal stimulation

27
Q

Regulation of GIP?

A

Stimulus: AA, FA, Oral glucose
Inhibits: None

28
Q

Regulation of Pancreatic polypeptide?

A

Stimulus: Ingestion of Carbohydrates, Proteins, or Lipids
Inhibits: None

29
Q

Regulation of GLP-1?

A

Stimulus: Oral Glucose load
Inhibits: None

30
Q

Regulation of Motilin?

A

Stimulus: Released by Absence of Food for > 2 hours
Inhibits: None

31
Q

Regulation of Histamine?

A

Stimulus: Gastrin, ACh (Vagus)
Inhibits: None

32
Q

Regulation of VIP?

A

Stimulus: Intestinal Distention and Vagal Activation
Inhibits: None

33
Q

Regulation of GRP, or Bombesin?

A

Stimulus: Cephalic phase, Gastric distention
Inhibits: None

Physiology (22 decks)

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