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HD 2 > GI disorders in childhood > Flashcards

GI disorders in childhood Flashcards

1
Q

4 common causes of abdominal pain in childhood

A

Constipation
IBS
Helobacter pilori
IBD

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2
Q

What are 3 common causes of chronic vomiting

A

GOR
Intestinal obstruction
DU

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3
Q

What can cause chronic diarrhoea (3)

A

IBD
Malabsorptioni
Constipation (overflow soiling)

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4
Q

What can cause bloody stools

A

IBD
Fissures
Polyps
Infection

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5
Q

What is mean intestinal transmit time in children

A

33 hours

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6
Q

What % of 1-4 year olds pass stools once or twice a day

A

85

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7
Q

Define constipation

A

Infrequent hard stools (or difficulty/ delay in defecation leading to distress)
<3 stools per week

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8
Q

Define soiling

A

Escape of stool into the underclothes

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9
Q

Define encopresis

A

Passage of normal stools in abnormal places

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10
Q

Name 4 organic causes of constipation

A

Hirschsprungs
Hypothyroidism
Neurologic
Anal stenosis

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11
Q

How do osmotic laxative

A

Draw water into the intestinal lumen and may cause dehydration and electrolyte abnormalities in some people

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12
Q

What is GOR

A

Passive regurgitation of gastric/ duodenal contents into oesophagus

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13
Q

What muscles are involved in vomiting

A

Active contraction of the diaphragm and abdominal muscles

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14
Q

Symptoms of GORD

A

Vomiting

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15
Q

What is Sandifers syndrome

A

Back arching in infants

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16
Q

How is eosinophillic oesophagitis treated

A

Diet- exclude foods
Oral budesonide
Monteleukast

17
Q

What is gastritis and what is its most common cause

A

Inflammation of the gastric mucosa

Helicobacter pylori

18
Q

How is helicobacter pylori infection diagnosed

A

Clo test, histology
Stool antigen
Urea breath test

19
Q

What is the pharmacological treatment for HP infection

A

2 weeks of amyoxycillin or calrithromycin

+ H2 antagonist/ proton pump inhibitors

20
Q

What is crohns disease

A

Mouth to anus, patchy disease skip lesions
Transmural inflammation
Granulomas

21
Q

What is ulcerative colitis

A

ONly rectum/ colon

Mucosal inflammation

22
Q

How does crohns disease present

A

Abdo pain
Weight loss
Diarrhoea

23
Q

How does ulcerative colitis present

A

Chronic bloody diarrhoea
Abdo pain
Weight loss

HD 2 (26 decks)

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