GI disorders in childhood Flashcards
4 common causes of abdominal pain in childhood
Constipation
IBS
Helobacter pilori
IBD
What are 3 common causes of chronic vomiting
GOR
Intestinal obstruction
DU
What can cause chronic diarrhoea (3)
IBD
Malabsorptioni
Constipation (overflow soiling)
What can cause bloody stools
IBD
Fissures
Polyps
Infection
What is mean intestinal transmit time in children
33 hours
What % of 1-4 year olds pass stools once or twice a day
85
Define constipation
Infrequent hard stools (or difficulty/ delay in defecation leading to distress)
<3 stools per week
Define soiling
Escape of stool into the underclothes
Define encopresis
Passage of normal stools in abnormal places
Name 4 organic causes of constipation
Hirschsprungs
Hypothyroidism
Neurologic
Anal stenosis
How do osmotic laxative
Draw water into the intestinal lumen and may cause dehydration and electrolyte abnormalities in some people
What is GOR
Passive regurgitation of gastric/ duodenal contents into oesophagus
What muscles are involved in vomiting
Active contraction of the diaphragm and abdominal muscles
Symptoms of GORD
Vomiting
What is Sandifers syndrome
Back arching in infants
How is eosinophillic oesophagitis treated
Diet- exclude foods
Oral budesonide
Monteleukast
What is gastritis and what is its most common cause
Inflammation of the gastric mucosa
Helicobacter pylori
How is helicobacter pylori infection diagnosed
Clo test, histology
Stool antigen
Urea breath test
What is the pharmacological treatment for HP infection
2 weeks of amyoxycillin or calrithromycin
+ H2 antagonist/ proton pump inhibitors
What is crohns disease
Mouth to anus, patchy disease skip lesions
Transmural inflammation
Granulomas
What is ulcerative colitis
ONly rectum/ colon
Mucosal inflammation
How does crohns disease present
Abdo pain
Weight loss
Diarrhoea
How does ulcerative colitis present
Chronic bloody diarrhoea
Abdo pain
Weight loss
